The abstract of the article performs an important representative function in all information databases and is an independent source of information from the article. According to the annotation to the article, the reader should understand the essence of the research.
Abstract should be:
- informative (do not contain common words);
- meaningful (reflect the main content of the article and research results);
- structured (follow the structure of the article);
- compact.
The information contained in the title of the article should not be repeated (retold) in the text of the abstract. The text of the abstract should be concise and clear, free from secondary information, unnecessary introductory words, general and insignificant formulations of the article.
The text should be coherent, the stated provisions should logically follow one another. Keywords from the text of the article should be used in the text of the abstract. We recommend using the SciVal resource to select keywords.
It is not recommended in abstracts:
- use complex grammatical constructions;
- use non-conventional abbreviations and abbreviations;
- use links to sources;
- use formulas and illustrations.
The volume of annotations is at least 150 - maximum 300 words.
The abstract should be written in good English. Terminology specific to foreign special texts should be used. For the coherence of the text, it is recommended to use the words "consequently", "moreover", "for example", "as a result" (consequently, moreover, for example, for the purposes of this study, as a result). It is necessary to use an active, not a passive voice, i.e. "The study tested", but not "It was tested in the study".