Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and the Translation of Green Energy Policy in Indonesia

The World and Digital Transformation
Authors:
Muljono Wiryanta Setiawati Priyanka P. Setyanto Padmanabha A.
Abstract:

Introduction. This study employs Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to investigate the complex socio-technical dynamics underlying the energy controversy in Indonesia and its impact on technical transformation and innovation in the energy sector. Indonesia faces pressing challenges in energy security, marked by issues in accessibility, affordability, and a heavy reliance on fossil fuels, which frequently leads to public disputes over fiscal policy and subsidies.
Methods and Materials. The methodology is a qualitative research approach guided by ANT's framework of Four Moments of Translation (Problematization, Interest, Enrolment, and Mobilization). The research specifically maps the actor-network surrounding Indonesia's energy fiscal policy, examining the roles and interactions of key institutional actors: the 7th Commission of the House of Representatives, the Fiscal Agency of the Ministry of Finance, and PT PLN (the state-owned power company). The analysis aims to identify the obligatory passage points and dispositive configurations that shape policy implementation and the adoption of innovative energy technologies.
Results. By analyzing the network's dynamics, the study seeks to propose novel policy solutions that promote sustainable economic growth and drive the shift toward more reliable and environmentally friendly energy sources in Indonesia.
Discussion. The Actor-Network Theory (ANT) mapped Indonesia's energy network: early alignment was strong, but fragmented commitment and data gaps in mobilization mean success verification requires empirical metrics (capacity/emissions) in future study.
Conclusion. Using ANT, this study found Indonesia's energy transition is a socio-technical construct. Its success depends entirely on all stakeholders achieving unified urgency and commitment through Problematization and Enrollment for real-world change. The experience gained as a result of the study can be transferred to many countries, including regions of Russia.