Central Asia and Caucasus as a Model for the Formation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership

Introduction. The formation of a Greater Eurasian Partnership is not only a project implementation task but also a crucial part of Russia's Eurasian strategy. Partnership offers an opportunity to unite the Eurasian space, «assembling» various institutions, formats, integration structures, and initiatives into a new economic architecture. The objective of this study is to analyze the feasibility of using the Central Asia and Caucasus subregion as a model for the formation of a Greater Eurasian Partnership within the GEP development process.
Materials and Methods. This study utilized academic publications, regulatory literature, and media sources. Documents from international organizations, in particular, the UN Economic Commission for Europe, served as sources. Comparative analysis, the «peace through victory» concept, and case studies were employed.
Results. A comparative analysis of the development of institutions (in the broad sense) in Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as one of the four Asian subregions — Border Asia, which includes developing countries — was conducted. The development experience of the identified subregions was examined. Each state articulated its foreign policy priorities, including strengthening regional integration. However, overall, it was not possible to establish its own integration structures. At the same time, the subregion has developed mechanisms for interaction, such as various partnerships and formats for interaction and cooperation, primarily the «Central Asia + 1» format. External initiatives by various actors, including the UN, China through the Belt and Road Initiative, and Turkey through the Organization of Turkic States, have a significant impact on the development of cooperation. Many initiatives can be seen as attempts to limit Russia's influence. This paper discusses various mechanisms for interaction in the subregion.
Discussion. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the subregion has assumed an important place in global politics. However, various conflicts have remained unresolved. The multi-vector policies of these countries have played a significant role in this. A focus on extra-regional centers of power contributes to turbulence. Under these conditions, the economy serves both as a means of political pressure and as a prerequisite for resolving political conflict. In particular, economic transport projects increase and improve trade; on the other hand, they conflict with existing agreements, leading to political complications.
Conclusion. Over more than thirty years of development, the Central Asia and Caucasus subregion has experienced and/or emerged from various conflicts, including armed ones, which have contributed to the emergence of adequate resolution mechanisms. Integration processes have developed the social and economic spheres. Partnerships and formats have become mechanisms for modern cooperation. Finally, initiatives/projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative and the Organization of Turkic States have extended far beyond Asia. All of this is concentrated in the Central Asia and Caucasus subregion, and in this sense, this subregion can be considered a model for the formation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership.