2304-9472; e-ISSN: 2949-3501 9 2016 1-612

RAR RUS 7-14 Vinkovetsky RECENT AMERICAN SCHOLARSHIP ON RUSSIA’S ARCTIC This paper analyzes the scholarly contributions of two recent books on the Russian Arctic produced by American scholars. The monograph Paul Josephson’s Conquest of the Russian Arctic and Marlene Laruelle’s Russia’s Arctic Strategies and the Future of the Far North, were both published in 2014. Josephson’s book is a work of historical scholarship that details Russian and Soviet attempts to develop the Arctic. Although these efforts were initiated in the nineteenth century, the bulk of Conquest is devoted to the twentieth and, to a lesser extent, the twenty-first centuries, when Soviet and post-Soviet approaches to the region, informed by ideology as well as strategy, often diverged from those of other northern countries. Whereas Josephson’s monograph focuses on the assimilation of Russia’s north from the late nineteenth century on, Laruelle’s deals almost exclusively with its realities and prospects in the twenty-first. The paper assesses and contextualizes them. Neither of these books offers definitive answers, but they both make important contributions to our ongoing debates. 930.2 ARCTIC; ENVIRONMENT; NORTH; LITERATURE; AMERICAN SCHOLARSHIP; HISTORY; SOCIAL SCIENCE; POLICY; OIL AND GAS; STRATEGIES https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.1/ 1-NEDAVNIE-AMERIKANSKIE-RABOTI-PO-ROSSIYSKOY-ARKTIKE.pdf

RAR RUS 15-25 Goncharov Karelin THE KARA SEA ROUTE AND THE PHOENIX MERCHANT ADVENTURERS LTD. OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE The article discusses the activities of the Phoenix Merchant Adventurers Ltd. of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in terms of developing shipping on the Kara Sea route to the Yenisei. After a series of early attempts to establish a navigable passage to the Ob’ and Yenisei, this company resumed British activity in the Siberian Arctic. The authors have used a large number of historical sources both Russian and British, which reveal the story behind the company. The article focuses on describing the voyages of the company, the assortment of imported goods and the reasons as to why the company was dissolved. Other aspects on which the article focuses include the duty-free import of European goods to Siberia, the diplomacy of Sir Robert Morier and the political and economic attitudes towards the Kara Sea route and the prospects of Anglo-Russian trade both in Britain and in Russia. The further fate of the company’s steamer Phoenix is also discussed in the article. An expedition in 2015 discovered the wreck of the steamer on the Yenisei. 910.4(091) THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE; THE KARA SEA EXPEDITIONS; PHOENIX MERCHANT ADVENTURES LTD.; JOSEPH WIGGINS; YENISEI; THE HISTORY OF SHIPPING IN SIBERIA; THE SIBERIAN FREE PORTS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.2/ 9_15-25.pdf

RAR RUS 26-30 Snytko Romanova SUBARCTIC IN THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF ACADEMICIAN VIKTOR BORISOVICH SOCHAVA The article is devoted to research of Academician V.B. Sochava in subarctic regions of our country. The scientist has devoted many years to the study of the geography of vegetation, formation of landscapes, including a lot of attention paid to the tundra vegetation, he made a great contribution to the development tundrovedeniya. In 1926-1928 Viktor Borisovich took part in the work of the North-Ural expedition of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and Uralplana-led B.N. Gorodkov. This expedition explored the highest part of the Ural mountain range and opened its main peak - Mount Narodnaya. The duties of the V.B. Sochava included the study of forests and the neighboring parts of the Circumpolar North Urals. While these forests did not exist almost any data. In 1929 V.B. Sochava was sent Polar Commission of the USSR Academy of Anadyr in the region, where he studied vegetation tundra landscape as the reindeer feed base. In 1932 V.B. Sochava studied Anabar tundra. He created the first guide geobotanical research in the tundra. In 1933-1938 V.B. Sochava edited begun on his initiative, a series of issues "Soviet reindeer" (was published 11 issues), which contained the article, laid the foundation for the development of many scientific questions tundra reindeer. The problems of the Arctic and Subarctic scientist turned in 1960-1970, especially considering the issues of physical and geographical division of the territory and use of its natural potential. 550.93; 551.1; 551.48 (091) V.B. SOCHAVA; SUBARCTIC; TUNDROVEDENIE; ARCTIC ISSUES; HISTORY OF SCIENCE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.3/ 3-SUBARKTIKA-V-NAUCHNOM-NASLEDII-AKADEMIKA-VIKTORA-BORISOVICHA-SOCHAVI.pdf

RAR RUS 33-39 Bocharnikova TOURISM AS NEW TYPE OF TRADITIONAL NATURE USE AS WAY OF ADAPTAION OF SAAMI IN KOLA PENINSULA The goal of the article is interpretation of the conception of the traditional nature use as an example of the community of Saami of Lovozero and publishing the results of field works carried in 2011 at the framework of the project “Tundra”. There is widespread point of view that traditional way of life includes reindeer herding, fishing carried by historically formed methods although it is unsustainable in the modern political and economic conditions. The strategy of adaptation for Saami communities in Kola Peninsula is extension kinds of traditional nature use by including tourist activity. 433 TRADITIONAL NATURE USE; ADAPTATION; TOURISM; INDIGENOUS PEOPLES; COMMUNITY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.4/ 4-TURIZM-KAK-NOVIY-VID-TRADITsIONNOGO-PRIRODOPOLZOVANIYa-V-KACHESTVE-STRATEGII-ADAPTATsII-SAAMOV-KOLSKOGO-POLUOSTROVA.pdf

RAR RUS 40-52 Kononova GEOECOLOGICAL MARKETING OF TOURIST - RECREATIONAL ZONES OF DEVELOPMENT AREAS OF THE ARCTIC In article the new kind of activity – geoecological marketing of tourist-recreational zones of development areas of the Arctic is submitted. Report has been prepared on the basis of methodology developed in Peter the Great St.Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Civil Engineering Institute. The author gives the recommendation to achieve positive outcomes in conditions of sustainable development of Arctic development areas in conditions of the market. Development area is any area of special attraction that can ensure (have) sufficient resources (biospheric), meet the requirements for human life activity and be without any latent forms of health threat and danger to human life. Modern objects – the complexes consisting of coastal water areas, tourist accommodation and amusement service, buildings and constructions specially equipped for sport and pleasure boats and their crews and ect. The place for building is necessary to select at support of the geoecological assessment. It is necessary for the minimal intervention in geoecology of the given place. Computer modeling in formation development space by nature resources is based on the system analysis of problems, statement of subject tasks and methodology of their decision. Besides the modeling and analysis of the data is effectually to conduct with GIS-technologies, having power analytical instruments working with deferent data types, including multispectral remote sensing data with deferent resolution. The author gives the recommendation to achieve positive outcomes in conditions of sustainable development of cities, in particular using of the monitoring information of development territory, the Internet geoecomarketing of tourist-recreational zones, the Training-scientific cluster, the geoecomarketing in conditions of the market. The basic conceptual principles of geoecomarketing are resulted. 725:574:502.6:712(98) ARCTIC; GEOECOLOGIOCAL MARKETING; DEVELOPMENT AREAS; TOURIST-RECREATIONAL ZONES https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.5/ 5-GEOEKOLOGICHESKIY-MARKETING-TERRITORIY-RAZVITIYa-TURISTSKO-REKREATsIONNIH-ZON-ARKTIKI.pdf

RAR RUS 55-65 Kostylev PROVIDING PERSONNEL FOR ARCTIC PROJECTS The article deals with the system of training personnel for the Arctic projects taking into consideration prospects of northern territories development and offshore (shelf) mining. The material is presented from the perspective of the contribution made by the State University named after admiral S.O. Makarov. The aspects of personnel training are viewed against the historical background, the current situation as well as possible ways to improve the system. The Northeast Passage is not only an important transport component for shipping goods along the Russian coast but a significant international transport corridor as well. Enhancing maritime safety from the perspective of both the navigational and environmental requirements can only be ensured in case the ships are manned with competent personnel. The author points out the importance of highly qualified personnel capable of operating ships in ice conditions and highlights the importance of well-trained pilots. Creating and maintaining Northeast Passage port and navigational infrastructure presupposes the availability of adequately trained personnel. The article briefly outlines the historic significance of the State University named after S.O. Makarov in developing the Arctic. In particular, the author underlines that practically all Russian cargo ships with nuclear propulsion are manned with the crew who have either graduated from the University or have completed supplementary vocational courses organized by the University. Apart from the task of maintaining the Northeast Passage as the Arctic transit shipping line, waterborne transportation in estuaries of the Siberian rivers and estuarial ports should be taken into consideration. When considering the prospects of fossil fuel shipping the characteristics of the cargo base should not be underestimated. The author stresses that personnel resource should be taken into consideration within the framework of resource provision for the Arctic projects. 656.62.078 SYSTEM OF PERSONNEL TRAINING ARCTIC PROJECTS EDUCATION PROGRAMS HISTORICAL INFORMATION FURTHER DEVELOPMENT AND DISCUSSED https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.6/ 6-KADROVAYa-OBESPECHENNOST-ARKTICHESKIH-PROEKTOV.pdf

UNK RUS 66-76 Мitko DIFFUSE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN A HYBRID ARCTIC WARS Modern geographic information systems (GIS) are becoming the object and subject of serious study by scientists of different disciplines from natural science to applied Sciences. Currently, the leading producers of software and mobile devices are developing special tools in addition to the basic GIS to build their own systems for different purposes. Under diffuse GIS refers to a system which includes integrated tools and artificial intelligence systems. Multilateral relations between the Arctic countries are developing it is difficult, however, not attendant circumstances thanks the relative stability of the international situation. The Arctic Council gets new features, although not the authority to make decisions. Relations between the two countries in this structure are generally of a constructive nature. Due to the interaction between its member States and a General improvement in the international climate regarding the growing importance of non-governmental organizations in the Arctic Council. The region is gradually approaching the start of the development of Arctic resources. The potential profitability of potential projects begins to significantly increase, the needs of the world economy in the hydrocarbons grow significantly. The level of understanding of the countries in the Arctic begins a favorable impact on the overall level of international relations. The negative scenario assumes that in the medium term international relations in the Arctic will be under the negative influence of the General situation in the world and the situation in the region. The situation in the world community develops severe. Countries fighting for supremacy in the Arctic region, are increasingly used in understanding modern methods of confrontation – confrontation the term "hybrid war". 355/359 GEOPOLITICS; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM; GIS DIFFUSION; "HYBRID WAR"; THE ARCTIC https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.7/ 7-DIFFUZNIE-GEOINFORMATsIONNIE-SISTEMI-V-GIBRIDNIH-ARKTICHESKIH-VOYNAH.pdf

RAR RUS 77-86 Nesterenko ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS OF PROVIDING IN INTERGRATED SECURITY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARCTIC OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION The article reveals peculiarities of the Russian Arctic which include extreme climatic conditions, the focal nature of economic and industrial development areas, low population density, remoteness from major industrial centers, low stability of ecological systems. The analysis of possible threats to emergency situations, the main natural sources are: degradation of permafrost, ice shifts, collapses, landslides, avalanches, floods, blizzards, storms, hurricanes. Insufficiency of forces and means involved in the emergency response, stationed in the Arctic zone for an adequate and rapid response to emerging threats and risks. The basic directions of development of the Russian Emergencies Ministry forces and means in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation aimed at ensuring the development of an integrated security system, through the establishment of the Arctic complex rescue centers. It identified the need, relevance and purpose of the development of the Concept of development of the Russian Emergencies Ministry forces and means for the prevention and liquidation of emergency situations and fire safety in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation until 2020. The main priorities of the development of the Arctic complex rescue centers are recognized: the introduction of new saving technologies, the creation of individual Arctic complex rescue centers, special units, provisioning technical and material resources, the organization of practical training of personnel rescue units for action in the Arctic. The system of preparation of experts determined the importance of classroom training rescuers to act in the Arctic zone of the St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia. 355.588 ARCTIC ZONE; A CRITICAL FACILITY; EMERGENCY; FORCES AND MEANS; INTEGRATED SECURITY; RESCUE CENTERS; RESCUE WORK https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.8/ 8-ANALIZ-PROBLEM-RAZVITIYa-SISTEMI-OBESPECHENIYa-KOMPLEKSNOY-BEZOPASNOSTI-V-ARKTICHESKOY-ZONE-ROSSIYSKOY-FEDERATsII.pdf

UNK RUS 87-94 SMIRNOVA TITOVA ACTION FIREMAN OF THE CHARTER OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE FAR NORTH In article the questions devoted operation of the Fire charter of the Russian Empire in the territory of Far North are considered. Geopolitics and geoeconomy of the Russian Federation, at the present stage of the development, is directed to expansion of resource base of the Arctic zone, preservation of environment, and support of fighting capacity of groups of armed forces of the Russian Federation in the region. For normal functioning of life support on Far North the important place is taken by questions of ensuring fire safety. The minister of Emercom of Russia V. A. Puchkov in the performance has noted on October 30, 2012 that safety in the Arctic region (in the territory of Far North) is one of priority activities and development of Emercom of Russia till 2030. Professor Malko A.V. has noted that Development of the Arctic in the 21st century - the priority direction of domestic and foreign policy of the Russian Federation. Russia is faced today by essentially important task - to return itself the leading role in development of Far North that demands carrying out special legal policy. The Main problems of realization of standards of the Fire charter in the conditions of Far North are revealed: 1. Impossibility of observance of the general requirements of fire safety in courts and shipyards of the region (it is necessary to publish the requirement of fire safety for territories of Far North taking into account geographical and economic and social situation). 2. Question of availability to fire extinguishing of the most fire-dangerous objects (remoteness of settlements and low-density of population, thereby shortage of divisions of fire protection. Formation of special divisions is necessary for the territory of Far North). 3. Contradictions in a control system of bodies of fire protection (need for systemacity and a certain hierarchy of submission). FAR NORTH; THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE; THE CHARTER OF THE FIREMAN; FIRE SAFETY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.9/ 9-DEYSTVIE-POZhARNOGO-USTAVA-ROSSIYSKOY-IMPERII-NA-KRAYNEM-SEVERE.pdf

UNK RUS 95-104 TSETSENEVSKAYA REGULATORY LANDSCAPE SAFETY IN THE ARCTIC: PAST AND PRESENT The article is devoted to the analysis the normative-legal acts of the Soviet period and modern times in the area of safety regulation in the Arctic zone. The causes and increased hazards for flights carried out over the Arctic, the complexity of piloting, and also considered the requirements of normative-legal acts to flights over the territory. The paper presents comparative characteristics of modern norms and standards of the Soviet period in the area of safety of the Arctic area. It was found that the regulations of the USSR regulated the issues of the flight over the Arctic space in sufficient detail, and the procedure for crew actions in case of an emergency, they have been designed to ensure maximum safety of crew members aircraft operating such flights. In the modern Russian legislation there is a tendency to adopt normative legal acts mainly programmatic in comparison with the Soviet period the legislator increasingly avoids detailed regulation of social relations, in a limited statement of the principles of law, the general rules. This also applies to legal relations in the field of safety of flights over the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Talking about the improvement of modern legislation in comparison with the Soviet period is problematic. Some norms reproduced word for word, the other part - greatly reduced. Among the main problems in the field of safety of flights over the Arctic space are the following: the lack of aircraft of small capacity; the lack of a sufficient number of runways; the lack of qualified personnel. Their solution requires the improvement of legislation, development of specific legal norms, taking into account the peculiarities of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. ARCTIC; LEGAL POLICY IN THE ARCTIC; REGULATION; ENSURING SAFETY IN THE ARCTIC https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.10/ 10-NORMATIVNO-PRAVOVOE-REGULIROVANIE-BEZOPASNOSTI-POLETOV-V-ARKTICHESKOY-ZONE-ISTORIYa-I-SOVREMENNOST.pdf

UNK RUS 105-116 SHULDESHOV FEDOROV ANALYSIS OF THE GEOPOLITICAL SITUATION IN THE ARCTIC REGION This article analyzes the geopolitical situation of the Arctic region. It is considered the international situation, the nature of modern military threats; noted that the modern stage of world development is characterized by the redistribution of political and military influence of States seeking to comprehensive domination. The instability of the current military and political situation caused by the desire of some states (coalitions) to rule in some regions, a change in policy in other countries, the intensification of attempts to revise the post-World War II borders, preservation of a number of countries of the armed forces, clearly exceeding on the composition of their defense needs. The reasons for the exacerbation of the ongoing geopolitical struggle in the Arctic, the most important of which is the currently legally uncertain status of national borders in the region, the richness of its subsoil resources, and the strategic importance of transport routes in the Arctic region. The cause of regional instability is due to the competition of states for influence, raw material resources and leading position. At the same time, sharply increased the role of the factor of military force, increased tendency to support the active its use in a complex combination of economic, political and diplomatic measures of coercion applied by the most powerful actors in international relations (both individual states and their units) in the case of countries which have raw materials or acting contrary to the will and desires of the leading states of the world and their coalitions to follow in line with the latest policy. Hazards of the current situation in the international arena in this regard is the desire of NATO unilaterally decide the fate of the world on a global scale without much regard to the opinion of the world community and UN resolutions and other international organizations, designed to maintain stability in the world. Identified the importance of the Arctic region for Russia and its importance in the defense of our country; the creation on the basis of the Northern fleet operational-strategic command (USC). Special attention is given to consideration of a control system for air situation in the Arctic. THE INTERNATIONAL SITUATION; THE THREAT TO RUSSIA'S SECURITY; THE ARCTIC REGION; THE NORTHERN FLEET; THE SOURCES OF THREATS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.11/ 11-ANALIZ-GEOPOLITICHESKOY-OBSTANOVKI-ARKTICHESKOGO-REGIONA.pdf

UNK RUS 119-130 WANG WANG A PERSPECTIVE ON SINO-RUSSIA STRATEGIC COOPERATION IN THE ARCTIC: HISTORY AS MIRROR This article gives a presentation of the human's difficult exploration in the Arctic and the historical facts of the battle over the rights and interests in the area, analyzing the main reasons behind it. And on this basis the article attempts to considerate the strategic developmental cooperation between China and Russia, arguing that the cooperation between China and Russia in the arctic is in the common interests of the two countries as well as in accordance with China-Russian comprehensive collaborative partnership. Moverover, it will become a new highlight in their strategic cooperation’s relations. THE ARCTIC EXPLORATION BATTLE OVER RIGHTS AND INTERESTS OF THE ARCTIC SINO-RUSSIA STRATEGIC COOPERATION IN THE ARCTIC https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.12/ 12-ANALIZ-STRATEGICHESKOGO-SOTRUDNICHESTVA-V-ARKTIKE-MEZhDU-KITAEM-I-ROSSIEY-IZ-ISTORII-OSVOENIYa-ARKTIKI.pdf

UNK RUS 131-142 KOLESNIK OLEYNIK INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT THE NORTH POLE This article examines the issues of international cooperation in the research areas of the Far North. It marked the main principles of the work of international organizations and the interests of the states in the development of the Arctic. Areas of emphasis on the Arctic and sub-Arctic countries (Russia, USA, Canada, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Sweden) in the development of the Arctic, which is mainly focused on the diversification of the production of hydrocarbons, development and support of indigenous northern peoples, environmental protection, improvement of infrastructure, search and rescue, assistance Arctic tourism, ensuring military security, the formation of a single information space and the expansion of the state borders of northern countries. Considered priorities Arctic policy of the European Union (United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Spain) and Asian countries (China, India, Japan, Korea), among which the leading role occupied by issues of research and development, promotion of business processes and the transportation of goods along the Northern Sea path. Presented the historical background of the formation of state policy in the Arctic. Indicated the main documents regulating research, rescue, commercial and other activities. Analyzed the key challenges and threats faced in his work as international organizations and individual countries: environmental problems, energy crises, political and military conflicts, labor migration, climate change, the threat of radioactive contamination. The main directions of improving the effectiveness of international cooperation in the development of Arctic regions: exclusion of duplication of functions, harmonization of maritime standards, the improvement of international maritime law, the strict specifications of Arctic cooperation bodies, to neutralize pollution. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS; THE NORTH POLE; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; R&D; DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE; MINING https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.13/ 13-K-VOPROSU-O-MEZhDUNARODNOM-SOTRUDNICHESTVE-V-OSVOENII-ARKTIKI.pdf

UNK RUS 143-150 KULIK THE ARCTIC AND SINGAPORE. ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS The article is devoted to consideration of the role Singapore in the environment of the Arctic region. The Arctic is very important in terms of both resources and the transport channel, and in terms of the unique ecosystem and human development. Many indigenous cultures exist in the Arctic zone. Indigenous people depend on their habitat. Climate change may lead to the destruction of their way of life. Many indigenous people depend on their habitat. Climate change may lead to the destruction of their way of life and their way of life. Destruction of ecosystems will entail most likely irreversible consequences that would lead to the disappearance of a rare species of animals and cultures of indigenous peoples of the North. Singapore is interesting because it is one of the cleanest and greenest cities in the world and one of the largest ports in the world. In addition, the water area of Singapore, as Singapore itself does not become a dumping ground, given that in such a small area of 581.5 km2 in the year 1960 had been deployed a lot of plants and a huge port hub. When a small area of Singapore has developed a strategy for the use of waste for the benefit of, for example, recycled waste is converted into material for new territories. Practice Singapore to recycling and use of waste is very useful for the ports of the Arctic Ocean. As a result, the author has come to the following conclusions: the use of the Singapore experience can help minimize the environmental damage from waste water and human activities on the high seas, it is possible in the near future will be found a way to extract resources and protect the environment of our unique and beautiful planet. THE ARCTIC; SINGAPORE; ECOLOGY; OIL; OIL SPILL https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.14/ 14-ARKTIKA-I-SINGAPUR_-EKOLOGICHESKIE-PROBLEMI.pdf

UNK RUS 153-161 BOLOTAEVA LESHENKO DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE RUSSIAN-KORYAK DICTIONARY In today's world digital technologies have become an important part of our life and they are still continuing to capture new areas such as mobile and cloud technologies, wearable devices, "the Internet of things", satellite navigation and so forth. However, computer technologies are not developed enough in some spheres of education. In Russia, for instance, we are still having a serious problem integrating computer technologies into teaching process, especially in such field as teaching of the culture and the languages of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North and the culture and the languages of northerners whose languages have recently acquired a written form. Nowadays a lot of small-numbered indigenous peoples of Russia don't still have educational software to provide educators with computer learning programs to help them teach their native language and culture. As I’m studying the Koryak language at the University I have decided to explore the question whether any works of literature and training literature in Koryak language are available on the net. And I have realized that it is difficult to find open internet education resources in Koryak language. Regrettably, electronic literature in Koryak language is hard to access. It is partly because of all necessary information and sources are put separately on websites, partly because a large number of publications can be found only on pirate or illegal sites and search engine optimization, in this regard, is not excellent. Owing to a lack of availability of open internet education resources, Koryak language is not very popular with young people and it can prevent them from learning the language. Consequently, compiling the interactive Russian-Koryak and Koryak-Russian dictionary may become the first step in processing of writing training manuals for teachers as well as students. КORYAK LANGUAGE; DICTIONARY; SOFTWARE; SOFTWARE; EDUCATION; KORYAKS; ARCTIC; KAMCHATKA https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.15/ 15-RAZRABOTKA-INTERAKTIVNOGO-RUSSKO-KORYaKSKOGO-SLOVARYa.pdf

UNK RUS 162-172 ZAYCHENKO TERESHKO DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE FAR NORTH AREAS ON THE BASE OF REGIONAL INDICATORS COMPLEX This article is dedicated to the development of education system in the Far North areas of Northwestern Federal District based on the set of regional indicators. The main problem of regions of the Arctic zone and the Far North is insufficient level of general education, namely: primary, secondary, secondary professional and high. The tendency of education institutions closure is getting more evident year by year. First of all it affects pupils, prospective and current students. So, at the school level, long and sometimes insurmountable by pupil on his own transport way to the institution is one of the main problems, which in a number of areas is solved by nomadic schools, but they do not fully give the scholar the basics of school knowledge. Also obvious is the fact that potential employees are more attractive for employers in several spheres of working if they have high education, which as minimum promotes better career growth and provides an employee with higher level of knowledge and skills. In its turn the number of fellow-workers should have professional skills, which they can get in secondary professional institutions. But how is it possible, if education system is in an enormous breakdown, and people from their childhood do not have an opportunity to get an appropriate education from their childhood, at least primary. After all, the North has rich mineral resources base, which should be investigated directly there and it should be allowed at the level of secondary and high professional education. Otherwise, the brain drain and loss of the human capital will lead to the destruction of enormous territories. That is why it is necessary to create such educational system, which would maintain and increase human capital of the Far North, and people would not seek for searching educational alternatives beyond its territories. The solution of this problem may become the organization of regional indicators complex, which considers the impact of both economic and socio-political factors. THE FAR NORTH AREA; THE ARCTIC ZONE OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION; GENERAL EDUCATION; PRIMARY EDUCATION; SECONDARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION; HIGH PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION; REGIONAL INDICATORS COMPLEX https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.16/ 16-RAZVITIE-SISTEMI-OBRAZOVANIYa-V-RAYONAH-KRAYNEGO-SEVERA-NA-OSNOVE-KOMPLEKSA-REGIONALNIH-INDIKATOROV.pdf

UNK RUS 173-187 ZUEV PROBLEMS OF A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF REINDEER BREEDING IN THE YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS AREA In article actual problems of reindeer breeding in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area at the present stage of development of the region are considered that is extremely important for understanding of prospects of a sustainable development of the indigenous ethnic groups of the North leading a nomadic life. On the basis of the carried-out analysis the main problems of reindeer breeding connected with exhaustion of food supply of cervine pastures in a tundra natural zone of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area and excess оленепоголовья over an admissible oleneemkost of pastures are revealed. Besides, the reasons of intensive growth of number of domestic deer, both in private, and in collective farms are established, extent of influence of industrial development of the region on cervine pastures is shown, the structure of management of reindeer-breeding farms is analysed, the reasons of mass death of domestic deer in 2013-2014 are shown, about and evidence-based offers on preservation and development of branch are also developed. On the basis of the conducted research, the author offers to distribute fairly all suitable cervine pastures between reindeer breeders of private enterprises and the reindeer-breeding enterprises in strict dependence on an oleneemkost of pastures and number of the reindeer breeders occupied in branch and to control on use of cervine pastures. Besides it is offered to develop taiga reindeer breeding by the state support of the native population, first of all, regarding construction of fences. According to the author, these measures will allow to lower load of cervine pastures, and in the future to minimize consequences of emergency situations in reindeer breeding. YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS AREA; REINDEER BREEDING; OLENEEMKOST OF PASTURES; NORTH INDIGENOUS ETHNIC GROUPS; INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT; CASE OF DOMESTIC REINDEERS; TAIGA REINDEER BREEDING https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.17/ 17-PROBLEMI-USTOYCHIVOGO-RAZVITIYa-OLENEVODSTVA-V-YaMALO-NENETsKOM-AVTONOMNOM-OKRUGE.pdf

UNK RUS 188-196 TIKHOV ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT NENETS RESULTING FROM SOCIAL POLICY BUSINESS OBJECTS YaNAO The modern period of Russian development is characterized by active industrial development of the territories, previously excluded from economic circulation. These areas are the ranges of the indigenous small peoples, whose way of life more consistent with the principles of sustainable development and balanced interaction between man and nature. Intensive development of these areas threatens the existing balance and is accompanied by the loss of culture and traditions of the indigenous population. The study examines the interaction of one of the largest indigenous ethnic groups of the Far North of Russia - the Nenets - and the current social and economic system. Territory of research supports the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District - the most actively explore a region of the Far North and one of the main areas of the Nenets live. The study was designed and evaluated a set of measures aimed at supporting the sustainable development of indigenous peoples and the establishment of partnerships between the Nenets and business representatives. These activities are based on the principles of sustainable development and corporate social responsibility and seeks subjects of economic activity. Their interaction with regional authorities will keep the autochthonous population from extinction, avoid assimilation and reduce the potential social tensions. NENETS ETHNIC POLICIES; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH; SOCIAL POLICY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.18/ 18-OBESPECHENIE-USTOYCHIVOGO-RAZVITIYa-NENTsEV-V-REZULTATE-SOTsIALNOY-POLITIKI-OBEKTOV-BIZNESA-V-YaNAO.pdf

UNK RUS 199-210 MANDRYKA BUZIN PARFENOV RUSSUAN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT: RADIOACTIVITY SAFETY ISSUES Long-term data on radioactive contamination sources for terrestrial and marine environment of the Russian Arctic have been summarized in the article. Basically, contamination of the area with antropogenic radionuclides has arisen from the three primary known sources: global fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing all over the Northern hemisphere, liquid release from European nuclear fuel reprocessing plants, and fallout in the European area from the Chernobyl accident. In addition to these sources of widespread contamination, there is a number of notable local contamination sources. These cover the Novaya Zemlya nuclear weapons test sites; dumping of solid radioactive wastes including nuclear reactors and submarines in the Barents and Kara seas as well as decommission facilities stored in coastal bays of the North-west Russian Arctic. An accumulated environmental damage for vulnerable Arctic ecosystems resulted mainly from an arms race in the time of “cool war”. Finally, fallout from the Chernobyl accident in 1986 made additional significant contribution to radionuclide contamination of the Western part of the Russian Arctic. Not all potentially radioactive sites are estimated as extremely harmful for population or environment today. Nevertheless, they should be treated as a great danger for the nearest future, especially those of underwater storage. ARCTIC; RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL; RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATION; ENVIRONMENT; ECOSYSTEMS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.19/ 19-EKOLOGICHESKIE-PROBLEMI-RADIATsIONNOY-BEZOPASNOSTI-V-ARKTICHESKOM-REGIONE-RF.pdf

UNK RUS 211-218 TROTSENKO THE ARCTIC CLIMATE IMPACT ON THE NON-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF THE EXTREME NORTH INHABITANTS Immunity is the ability of the body to resist pathogens. There are various forms of immunity. The non-specific resistance (i.e. preexisting immunity, innate resistance) is the most powerful immunity form. It is possessed by most species, and characterised by several features: only non-immunized organisms have the non-specific resistance; all organisms of this species possess it from their birth to death; it is characterised by high activity but low specificity of action. This form of immunity is provided by barrier and antimicrobic skin properties and mucous membranes, cellular factors (phagocytic reaction of microphages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes), humoral factors (complement system, lysozyme, beta-lysin, interferon and other antimicrobial proteins). The protective properties of a human body considerably depend on the environmental quality which is determined by a wide range of environmental factors of natural or human origin. In the Arctic zone it is caused by a large number of pollutants coming into the environment, low level of control over the storage and disposal of industrial, agricultural and household waste. The health of people, especially children, are under constant influence of the limiting eco-factors such as low temperatures throughout the year, permafrost distribution, electromagnetic storms, high wind speed, scraggy trees or their complete absence, the polar night. The effect of the environment is especially severe on the life activities of the Northern regions population. The study was carried out mainly on the territory of the Murmansk region and the Republic of Karelia. ARCTIC CLIMATE; NON-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE; ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIER; BLOOD CELLS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.20/ 20-VLIYaNIE-ARKTICHESKOGO-KLIMATA-NA-NESPETsIFICHESKUYu-REZISTENTNOST-ZhITELEY-KRAYNEGO-SEVERA.pdf

UNK RUS 221-231 BERENSHTEYN CHEREPOVITSYN ORGANIZATIONAL AND-ECONOMIC MECHANISMS OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-BORDER DEPOSITS IN THE ARCTIC BY THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIA AND NORWAY Article is devoted to the development of cross-border hydrocarbon fields, which is possible to develop on either side of the border, and that creates a lot of disputes, conflicts, and even wars between states. For effective development of such facilities the state usually negotiate and conclude a into an Agreement that provide international yunitizatsii procedure. The basic idea of the international unit - is the development of the field as a whole, and the establishment of a unified regulation in this field. The article gives a detailed analysis of the theoretical aspects of classification of cross-border deposits, the main approaches to their development. The analysis of the Russian-Norwegian agreement on the delimitation of the Barents Sea, revealed the effect from the conclusion of Russia and Norway agreement, which eliminated the problem of delimitation of maritime areas, put an end to forty years of negotiations on the subject and thus opening the possibility of using hydrocarbon resources in the previously "frozen" district in the so-called "gray zone". The joint field development in the Barents Sea is characterized by a high degree of risk, so were identified several areas of international cooperation, which is critical for the efficient production of hydrocarbons in the region, such as: the lack of data on the climatic conditions, the complexity of the transportation support of offshore operations, the danger operations of vessels in ice conditions, the lack of multi-purpose vessels, the lack of services to meet the needs of the oil and gas industry. Possible reasons have been given, as well as suggest possible solutions to these problems. CROSS-BORDER FIELD; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; THE ARCTIC; A GRAY AREA; THE MEDIAN LINE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.21/ 21-ORGANIZATsIONNO-EKONOMICHESKIE-MEHANIZMI-MEZhDUNARODNOGO-SOTRUDNICHESTVA-PRI-RAZRABOTKE-TRANSGRANICHNIH-MESTOROZhDENIY-V-ARKTIKE-NA-PRIMERE-ROSSII-I-NORVEGII.pdf

UNK RUS 232-241 ZAYCHENKO ISHCHENKO HUMAN RESOURCES ANALYSIS OF THE FAR NORTH REGIONS The article is devoted to the human resources analysis of the Russian Federation territories that partially or fully belongs to the Far North region. Recently there has been an outflow of population, and so an outflow of the human resources from the northern regions of Russia. That’s why there is a necessity to analyze the human resources to establish possible causes of migration loss. The article describes the impact of various factors on the human resources. These various factors include region's infrastructure, localized population, low population density, harsh climate and other features of the northern territories of Russia. The main governmental activities on leveling of negative influence of the region’s features on the human resources of the Russian Federation territorial subjects are analyzed. Three indicators characterizing the labor market have been chose. They are the average nominal monthly wage of employees, the level of unemployment and the level of population economic activity. A strong regional differentiation has been revealed. The regions with the best value of indicators have been distinguished. The indicators reflect the most favorable situation on the labor market and great regional authorities’ attention to human resources. These regions became Chukotskii Autonomous District, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Nenets Autonomous District and Magadan region. Lagging regions are also identified: the Republic of Tuva, Altai Republic. The obtained data are compared with the average for Russia. The basic problems of the Far North regions’ labor market have been identified. They are: the labor market narrowness of single-industry towns, high unemployment rate in some regions and natural resources focused production. HUMAN RESOURCES; THE FAR NORTH; UNEMPLOYMENT RATE LABOR MARKET https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.22/ 22-ANALIZ-TRUDOVIH-RESURSOV-REGIONOV-KRAYNEGO-SEVERA-ROSSII.pdf

UNK RUS 242-252 IDRISSOVA ANALYSIS OF LOADING OPERATING ON A SUBMARINE GAS PIPELINE, FOR THE REGION OF KARA SEA This article analyzes the loads and impacts on the submarine pipeline for the conceptual design of the field development Kara sea, with the aim of using the results in the creation of computational model of interaction "pipe -soil - ice" by finite element method. Pipelines, in despite of its simplicity construction, are fundamentally different from other structures by a complex scheme of existing power factors, and the level of uncertainty of the stress-strain state. At the first plane for solving the problem about the reliability are put forward tasks for the calculation strength, stability and durability. Their solution requires information about the loads and impacts on the pipeline, the analysis of stress-strain state, which will make the calculations of resource reliability. The article briefly describes the basic meteorological conditions in the area of work, geometric parameters of the ice hummocks on the measurement data, permafrost soils distribution in the coastal zone, as well as the original, analytical and statistical data about the subsea pipeline. Shows a schematic diagram of laying underwater pipeline taking into account soil conditions on the shelf of the Kara Sea, on the basis of stress analysis, bearing and purposes a straight section of the pipeline is put to the following calculation scheme: in determining the hoop stress (for large depth of the burying Н ≥ 20 м) a straight section of the pipeline is seen as a thin-walled cylindrical shell, which is subjected to internal pressure and temperature. In determining longitudinal stresses, a straight section on the principle of common design schemes can be classified as a straight pipe in the soil, where drawdowns are possible. KARA SEA; A SUBMARINE GAS PIPELINE; PERMFROST SOILS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.23/ 9_242-252.pdf

UNK RUS 253-265 ILINOVA SOLOVYOVA ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION This paper is devoted to the analysis of problems and prospects of development (including innovative) of one of the most important regions of Russia – the Arctic zone. Nowadays effective development of the Arctic is one of the priority directions of development of the Russian Federation economy. In paper, necessity of complex innovative development of the considered territories is proved. Data on mineral raw resources of the Arctic zone are presented and analyzed. Data on the available natural resources on regions are given. The analysis of modern standards and legal framework concerning development of the Arctic region is carried out. The main problems, which block legal framework effective realization, are revealed. The analysis of investments in social and economic development of the region within the State program of the Russian Federation "Social and economic development of the Arctic zone of Russian Federation for the period until 2020" is presented. Also in paper, the main statistics of innovative activity of the Arctic territorials of the Russian Federation are presented and analyzed. Based on the carried-out analysis the main reasons and factors blocking innovative development of the region are given. The main measures for prevention of the specified negative factors are presented. First of all, it is necessary to be guided on creation of a powerful infrastructure complex in the Arctic territories which will allow to provide both economic and innovative, and a social component, and also on introduction and use of domestic innovative knowledge and technologies and effective use of the financial resources sent to development of the region. It is defined that development of the Arctic region requires innovative approach in all spheres. The main conclusions are drawn and the directions of further scientific researches are defined. ARCTIC ZONE; DEVELOPMENT; INNOVATIONS; MINERAL RAW RESOURCES; STANDARDS; LEGAL FRAMEWORK; PROBLEMS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.24/ 24-ANALIZ-PROBLEM-I-PERSPEKTIV-INNOVATsIONNOGO-RAZVITIYa-ARKTICHESKOY-ZONI-RF.pdf

UNK RUS 266-279 ILINOVA CHEREPOVITSYN FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF RISK MANAGEMENT AT OIL AND GAS ENTERPRISES This paper is devoted to the analysis of foreign experience of risk management at the oil and gas enterprises for the purpose of its usage at the enterprises functioning in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Importance of sustainable development of the Arctic region in general and gas enterprises in the region in particular is defined. One of the important directions of sustainable development of the gas producing enterprises in the Arctic zone is providing the operating control system of risks. The risk management is rather new area of management in Russia where there is rather brief experience in these questions. The main production and market features of gas enterprises defining approaches to creation of risk management system in the companies are presented. The main methodical approaches to the risk management abroad and the main documents in the field of risk management are presented. The review of the main risks, methods of management and assessment, and methods of decrease in risks at the oil and gas enterprises abroad is carried out. Based on the analysis of foreign literature, the main risks, main drivers of oil and gas business development, and key indicators of risk are presented. In spite of the fact that all studied world oil and gas companies have rather developed control system of risks, their level of risk appetite often is evasion from risk. The main problems and the objective reasons interfering development of effective system of risk management at the domestic gas enterprises are established. RISKS; RISK MANAGEMENT; FOREIGN EXPERIENCE; GAS ENTERPRISES; ARCTIC; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.25/ 25-ZARUBEZhNIY-OPIT-RISK-MENEDZhMENTA-NA-NEFTEGAZODOBIVAYuShchIH-PREDPRIYaTIYaH.pdf

UNK RUS 280-290 KACHENOVSKAYA USTINOV DOMESTIC FLEET OF ICEBREAKERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHEN SEA ROUTE In this article the basic stages of development of Russian icebreaker fleet. The history of the development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR). Every year the volume of traffic on the NSR increases. Consequently, the growing need for icebreaking fleet. The key role played by nuclear-powered icebreaker. This type of icebreaker remains indispensable in the Arctic since the middle of last century, when the water was lowered first nuclear-powered icebreaker in the world "Lenin". After, it was put into operation a series of atomic icebreakers of "Arctic", consisting of the 6 icebreakers, the last of which was launched in 2008 ( "50 Years of Victory"). Also in parallel was built 2 nuclear-powered icebreaker in cooperation with Finland in the late '80s and early' 90s ("Taimyr", "Vaigach"). The maximum turnover rate of NSR has fallen once again at this time. Nowadays, nuclear icebreakers decommissioned, and is currently in service is 4 atomic icebreaker, plus one in reserve. This amount is reduced by half in ten years. In this regard, it was decided to build a new series of nuclear-powered icebreakers 22220 project, consisting of three icebreakers. The first icebreaker is scheduled to pull in 2018. But, considering that with the increase in traffic and the growing size of the cargo vessels, the size of icebreakers also have to increase. For this purpose is the development of "Leader" project, which will have a width of about 50 meters and a total capacity of 120 MW. This project will allow for vessels with a deadweight of over 100,000 tons. and more. ARCTIC; ICEBREAKERS; NORTH SEA ROUTE; NUCLEAR POWERED ICEBREAKERS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.26/ 26-OTECHESTVENNIY-LEDOKOLNIY-FLOT-DLYa-OSVOENIYa-SEVERNOGO-MORSKOGO-PUTI.pdf

UNK RUS 291-297 KISELEV NEVSKAYA ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS IMPLEMENTATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS IN THE PETROLEUM SECTOR OF RUSSIA The article is devoted to the identification of the main problems associated with the implementation of infrastructure projects in the oil and gas complex of Russia, the current development is determined by the development of hydrocarbon deposits of the Arctic shelf, Eastern Siberia and the Arctic, focusing in the distance from the main consumer of hydrocarbons. The effectiveness of the development of these deposits are fully dependent on the development of industrial infrastructure, thus becoming crucial infrastructure sector projects. Creation and development of industry infrastructure also contributes to increasing the investment attractiveness of the area, providing new investment in their development. Specificity of infrastructure projects, oil and gas industry determines the need for state control of their implementation. According to the "Concept of Long-Term Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation for the period till 2020" public policy objectives in the oil and gas industry is the development of raw material base and transport infrastructure. The priority directions of the state policy are indicated: the implementation of promising projects for the construction of pipelines, promote investment in mining and transport infrastructure [1]. However, there are certain problems in connection with economic and geopolitical factors. The baseline macroeconomic indicators and concepts are not relevant today, in the year 2016-2020 the price of oil (the world), according to the concept, the average should be 108 US dollars per barrel, which does not meet modern requirements. Also, it should be added that a great influence on the realization of the set goals have the following geopolitical factors sanctions by the EU and the US and a complication of interstate relations between Russia and several foreign countries. INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS; OIL AND GAS SECTOR https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.27/ 27-ANALIZ-PROBLEM-REALIZATsII-INFRASTRUKTURNIH-PROEKTOV-V-NEFTEGAZOVOM-SEKTORE-ROSSII.pdf

UNK RUS 298-306 KURAKINA QUESTIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ASSESSMENT IN THE ARCTIC REGION In article questions of forecasting and the prevention of emergence of irreversible processes and emergency situations in the Arctic region are investigated. The methods of environmental risk assessment , based on the analysis of pollutants measurement results in various media, expert assessments and situational models were developed. Heterogeneous data is merged in a unified normalized scale, taking into account reliability characteristics and each factor participation degree. Method of hierarchies analysis is applied for complex environmental risk assessment. Implementation of comprehensive evaluation in GIS technology allows to combine disparate data in a multi-layered project, to connect data processing modules for the purpose of critical loads' visual mapping and identifying areas, that are most sensitive to pollutants occurrence. ARCTIC; ENVIRONMENTAL RISK; EMERGENCY SITUATION; COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION; METHOD OF HIERARCHIES ANALYSIS; GIS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.28/ 28-VOPROSI-OTsENKI-EKOLOGICHESKIH-RISKOV-V-ARKTICHESKOM-REGIONE.pdf

UNK RUS 309-315 AKEMBETOVA Atnashev ETHNIC NATIONALISM IN THE GLOBALIZATION CONTEXT: EXPERIENCE OF CHINA The article considers the conceptual and theoretical aspects of nationalism, relationship and interaction of ethnic, cultural and civic identities in the process of formation of civil nation in multiethnic societies in the conditions of globalization. The paper considers problems of modernization of the national policy mainly in China. ETHNIC IDENTITY; MULTIETHNIC SOCIETY; GLOBALIZATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.29/ 29-ETNONATsIONALIZM-V-USLOVIYaH-GLOBALIZATsII-OPIT-KITAYa.pdf

UNK RUS 316-321 0000-0003-2315-1138 Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University Wang Juntao juntao2013@yandex.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

CHINESE NATIONALISM OF THE XX CENTURY (FOR POSING THE QUESTION). Abstract the article discusses the formation of Chinese nationalism in the late twentieth century. We analyze the work of Chinese authors Still, China can say no" and "China can say no". According to the authors of these books US policy against China aimed at making the Chinese their slaves. Therefore, the main challenge facing Chinese society in the formation of Chinese nationalism. CHINA; USA; POLITICS; SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS; NATIONALISM; CHINESE NATIONALISM; PATRIOTISM. https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.30/ 30-KITAYSKIY-NATsIONALIZM-KONTsA-HH-VEKA-(K-POSTANOVKE-VOPROSA).pdf

UNK RUS 322-326 KUKUSHKINA THE ROLE OF NATIONAL HOLIDAY IN THE PRESERVATION OF INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE AND FORMATION OF ETHNIC IDENTITY (FOR EXAMPLE, CHUVASH HOLIDAY AKATUI) Despite the globalization in the nowadays world we can trace the desire to manifest one's identity. The article points to the role of tradition in culture and the author makes attempts to consider celebration as a way to express ethnic traditions. The author describes the essence of the holiday as a phenomenon, as well as its importance in the formation of ethnic identity in the preservation of traditions. It is illustrated through Chuvash national holiday Akatui. NATIONAL HOLIDAY; ETHNIC IDENTITY; CULTURAL HERITAGE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.31/ 31-ROL-NATsIONALNOGO-PRAZDNIKA-V-SOHRANENII-NEMATERIALNOGO-KULTURNOGO-NASLEDIYa-I-FORMIROVANII-ETNICHESKOGO-SAMOSOZNANIYa.pdf

UNK RUS 327-337 NIKOLAEV Atnashev CIVIC NATIONALISM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION The article examines the prospects for the development of civil society in the Russian Federation, using the ideology of civiс nationalism. In order to form an objective point of view, the article will also examine the origins of civic nationalism, its differences with ethnic nationalism, the concept of "nation" and the relationship between the above-mentioned ideas with one of the basic principles of international law - the self-determination of peoples. STATE; CIVIC NATIONALISM; NATIONAL STATE; ETHNIC NATIONALISM; NATION; NATIONAL IDENTITY; CIVIL IDENTITY; SELF-DETERMINATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.32/ 32-GRAZhDANSKIY-NATsIONALIZM-V-ROSSIYSKOY-FEDERATsII.pdf

UNK RUS 338-348 6603404917 0000-0002-0095-8986 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Pogodin Sergey pogodin_sn@spbstu.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

RIABOVA THE FIRST PERIOD OF THE RUSSIFICATION IN FINLAND (1899–1905) Abstract the article discusses the policy of the Russian Empire against the Grand Duchy of Finland in the late nineteenth century. A feature of this policy was the Russification of Finland. The emphasis is on the first stage of Russification from 1899 to 1905. FINLAND; THE GRAND DUCHY OF FINLAND; RUSSIAN EMPIRE; RUSSIFICATION; NICHOLAS II; FINNISH ISSUE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.33/ 33-PERVIY-PERIOD-RUSIFIKATsII-FINLYaNDII.pdf

UNK RUS 349-354 FEDOTOVA Atnashev CORRELATION OF PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM (EXAMPLES OF RUSSIA AND CHINA) The article considers the definitions of “patriotism” and “nationalism”, their correlation. The author examines the allocation of varieties of nationalism, their meanings and external manifestation, as well as analyzes the current situation of nationalism in Russia and China. PATRIOTISM; NATIONALISM; RUSSIA; CHINA; ETHNOPOLITICAL MOVEMENTS; ETHNOPOLITICAL CONFLICTS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.34/ 34-SOOTNOShENIE-PATRIOTIZMA-I-NATsIONALIZMA.pdf

UNK RUS 357-369 VERYOVKA EVALUATION METHODS OF EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE: THE WORLD EXPERIENCE The article considers the methods of evaluation of effectiveness of financial and economic activities and the strategic management system of the company that are used in world practice: balanced scorecard, value based management, KPIs David Parmenter, Bob Phelps measurement system, a system of indicators of DuPont. The research results of the comparative analysis of these methods and the possibilities of their practical application for Russian enterprises ANALYSIS; EFFICIENCY; METHODS OF EVALUATION; KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS; RETURN ON EQUITY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.35/ 35-METODI-OTsENKI-EFFEKTIVNOSTI-FINANSOVO-HOZYaYSTVENNOY-DEYaTELNOSTI-PREDPRIYaTIYa-MIROVOY-OPIT.pdf

UNK RUS 370-379 PANOVA SCHISLYAEVA KEY ELEMENTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RELOCATION PROGRAMS IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES The process of planning, organization and implementation of relocation programs is difficult and laborious for any organization. All the steps should be followed in it: goals, the requirements for roaming employees, selection of candidates, organization of employee adaptation process at the new location, the control over the work of the employee and provide to them feedback, as well as the organization of the return of an employee at the end of the relocation. The rational organization of the whole process helps to minimize the costs and obtain the most effective result of carrying out relocation of staff. STAFF; COMPANY; RELOCATION; ELEMENTS OF THE RELOCATION PROGRAMMES; TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES TO RELOCATION; ADAPTATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.36/ 36-OSNOVNIE-ELEMENTI-REALIZATsII-PROGRAMM-RELOKATsII-V-MEZhDUNARODNIH-KOMPANIYaH.pdf

UNK RUS 380-394 PETROV SHOULD SOUTH EUROPEAN DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS BE REVISED? The article considers the experience and application of South European democratic transitions in modern conditions. As the South European model of democratic transition has been highly praised in political literature the author asks a question if this experience may be helpful nowadays. The distinctive feature of democratic transition in all these countries was national consensus which allowed them to move to consolidated democracy and build well performing political institutions. The author is deeply convinced that South European experience remains in big demand and consensus has no alternatives. DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION; CONSENSUS; SOUTH EUROPEAN COUNTRIES; POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS; CONFRONTATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.37/ 37-NUZhNA-LI-REVIZIYa-YuZhNOEVROPEYSKIH-TRANZITOV.pdf

UNK RUS 395-405 SMIRNOVA FILIPPOVA FEATURES OF BANKRUPTCY OF CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATIONS IN RUSSIA This article analyzes the statistics bankruptcy of Russian enterprises in 2014-2015, the statistics of the bankruptcy of construction companies in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region. Considered the main reason, features and advantages of the bankruptcy of construction companies in Russia. Analyzed the main strategic paths for bankruptcy construction company. Spend a comparative analysis of the experiences of other countries: Europe and America. Offered the mechanism of improving bankruptcy procedures for construction companies. BANKRUPTCY; CONSTRUCTION; ARBITRATION COURT; DEVELOPERS; CRISIS; INVESTMENTS; RISK MONITORING; FINANCIAL RESTRUCTURING; REORGANIZATION; LIQUIDATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.38/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-395-405.pdf

UNK RUS 406-418 SCHISLYAEVA MAYOROVA THE PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUSINESS INCUBATOR IN INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ON THE EXAMPLE OF EDF ENERGY COMPANY In modern conditions of development of the world the majority of the advanced countries set the task to build the updated state with the developed competitive economy. Kernel of structural changes is the state innovative strategy and active scientific and technical policy of firms and regions oriented to assistance to development of advanced technologies of breakthrough nature. The sector of scientific developments and their effective commercialization is a basis of competitive industrial production, and in developed countries the developed innovative system includes not only innovative projects and the innovative business, but also research sector, education realizing them subsequently - all this is in one big cluster. Basic Elements of this system are the science cities created today, special economic zones, science and technology parks, the centers of a transfer of technologies, so-called business incubators. One of necessary conditions of innovative development is availability of the effective innovative infrastructure providing transition of results of scientific developments to the market of products and services. The leading place in this process is taken by innovative business incubators. Now the main problem of the innovative sphere not only Russia, but also developed countries is inability to turn intellectual potential into the assets capable to the effective address in the world markets of knowledge and high technologies. Therefore the most important task of infrastructure of innovative economy is ensuring functioning of all chain of intellectual production: from receipt of orders for new developments before promotion of results of intellectual activities on the internal and world markets. In the conducted research the following methods were used: the theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific literature, periodicals about development of business incubators, creation of new innovative products and projects of the Électricité de France (EDF) company. ECONOMY; INNOVATION; INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL; ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY; BUSINESS INCUBATORS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.39/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-406-418.pdf

UNK RUS 421-428 DUNAEVA THE NATIONAL PROJECT "EDUCATION" IN RUSSIA AS A RESPONSE TO THE CHALLENGES OF THE MODERN ERA The main objective of modernization of Russian education - the willingness and ability of graduates to be responsible for an innovative and socially oriented development of the country. Federal Target Programme for the Development of Education of the Russian Government on the 2016 - 2020 years, is aimed at creating a modern, meeting the requirements of the time, has a high rating in the world of higher education. THE NATIONAL PROJECT "EDUCATION"; DISTANCE LEARNING; PERSONAL PORTFOLIO; DIGITAL MEDIA; MULTIMEDIA DIALOGUE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.40/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-421-428.pdf

UNK RUS 429-437 MASSOV THE STUDIES ON NEW ZEALAND HISTORY IN RUSSIA (ON THE PUBLICATION OF LIUDMILA G. STEFANCHUK’S BOOK "THE HISTORY OF NEW ZEALAND. THE 20TH CENTURY") The article elucidates the main stages of the studying New Zealand history in Russian historiography. Particular attention is paid to the recent work on New Zealand history, the monograph of Liudmila G. Stefanchuk. "The history of New Zealand. The 20th Century". The article gives a high assessment of that work. It is stressed that a number of the author's conclusions concerning the peculiarities of New Zealand historic path give much food for thoughts about the way of modernization and finding their own place in today's global world of the countries including Russia, which combine the characteristic features of developed and developing world. HISTORY OF NEW ZEALAND; LIUDMILA G. STEFANCHUK; RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF NEW ZEALAND https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.41/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-429-437.pdf

UNK RUS 438-456 0009-0003-3047-8400 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Pavlova Olga pavlova_ok@spbstu.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY CLASS AND THE LEGISLATIVE CONDITIONS OF TSARIST RUSSIA DEVELOPMENT IN THE XIX CENTURY The article deals with some aspects of the commerce and industry class development in Russia. The creation of the legislative conditions for entrepreneurial development is paid much attention to as well as the motivational factors for the enlargement of this class. The political, economic, moral and ethical conditions for commerce and industry class development have been analyzed. The historical peculiarities necessary for creation and development of the class together with the influence of the state on the process have been pointed out. The article is focused on the terms of factory legislation’ progress as well as the interest of the entrepreneurs towards the legal regulations of the workers’ rights and the adjustment of the relations with the employees. The author has assessed the motivational conditions for the charity activity of the commerce and industry class in Russia. RUSSIA; COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY CLASS; LEGISLATION; MOTIVATION; DEVELOPMENT; STATE INFLUENCE; FACTORY LEGISLATION; CHARITY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.42/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-438-456.pdf

UNK RUS 459-464 BANDUROVSKIY CRITICISM OF ORIGEN BY THOMAS AQUINAS Thomas Aquinas is important in the history of Christian religious philosophy first of all by his transition from the characteristic to patristic Platonic paradigm to Aristotle’s one. He argues actively with the known to him texts of Plato, with Neo-Platonic ideas of Platonism and with Platonism adapted early Christian thinkers. One of the important figures in the philosophy of the patristic was Origen (185–254), supposed to be a disciple of the founder of Neo-Platonic school of Ammonius Saccas. Many of the ideas of Origen were criticized and considered as heretical, but their effect persisted throughout the Middle Ages. Thomas Aquinas repeatedly addressed to the works and ideas of Origen too. Origen cited by Thomas Aquinas more than 1,100 times although most of the passages (650) are in the «Golden Chain» (Catena Aurea), the compilation of quotes from the commentaries of the Church Fathers to the Gospel. However this fact indicates that Origen is an important author to Thomas. In his more philosophical writings («Comments on the “Sentences”», «Summa contra Gentiles», «Summa Theologica», «Discussion Questions», etc.) Thomas refers to the works of Origen about 200 times, for the most part in the «Summa Theologica» (more than 70). Thomas Aquinas appeals to authority of Origen considering problem of free will when he rejects the direct influence of the devil in the will of man (S. Th. 1, q. 114, a. 3; S. Th. 2–1, q. 80, a. 4). In some matters Thomas does not come to a definite resolution, for example, in matters of animation of the heavenly bodies: Origen (like Plato) believed they were animated, Damascus denied it, and Augustine (II super Genes . ad litteram) left it unresolved (Q. d. de anima, a. 8, ad 3.). However, Thomas Aquinas criticized many of the Origen‘s positions. In his earlier work «Commentary on the Sentences» Thomas criticizes the position of Origen rejecting physicality of Paradise (Super Sent., Lib. 2 d. 17 q. 3 a. 2 co). In the «Summa contra gentiles» and «Summa Theologica» two Origen’s positions are criticized: the hypothesis of the existence of souls before the body and accidentality of their connection (S. Th. 2–1, q. 118, a. 34; SCG, lib. 2 cap. 83), and the hypothesis that the difference in the material world is the result of different sins created equal and disembodied souls (S.Th. 1, q. 47, a. 2; SCG 2 c. 44; De potentia, q. 3 a. 10). An analysis of the various provisions of the critics of Origen Thomas Aquinas can distinguish the main difference between them: it is a different assessment of the corporeal world. Origen (and other Neoplatonists) belonged to the corporeal world as negative one, while Thomas rehabilitates physicality on basis of Aristotelian philosophy («the soul is the form of the body») and Christian optimistic view («God looked over all he had made, and he saw that it was very good» (Gen. 1, 31)). CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY; THOMAS AQUINAS; PLATO; NEO-PLATONIC IDEAS OF PLATONISM; ORIGEN https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.43/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-459-464.pdf

UNK RUS 465-472 BACHAR «OBLIVION» AND «REMINISCENCE» IN ANTIQUE GNOSTICISM The author investigates a problem of cosmological knowledge in antique Gnosticism. This knowledge has two aspects: the mystical experience of unity good luck acquired in a condition of ecstatic state and the cosmological knowledge expressed in the form of the myth. Knowledge as experience is restoration (reminiscence) of the initial state. Knowledge expressed in the form of the myth is attempt to hold in remembrance this experience. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY; HISTORY OF ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY; PLATONISM AND GNOSTICISM; THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY; GNOSTIC COSMOLOGY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.44/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-465-472.pdf

UNK RUS 473-479 BOLGOVA CAESAREAN CHRISTIAN SCHOOL AT III – EARLY VII CENT. A. D. The paper attempts to sketch the general history of the Christian theological school at Caesarea, which originated in the III cent. A. D. in the result of Origen’ moved from Alexandria. This school has existed throughout of all early Byzantine period and was not so much theologian as an educational center in the Palestinian region, as the city of Caesarea during the period under review was the administrative center of the province. HISTORY OF ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY; PLATONISM; THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY; CHRISTIAN THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL AT CAESAREA; ORIGEN https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.45/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-473-479.pdf

UNK RUS 480-483 BRATUKHIN THE IMAGE OF RESTAMP OF COIN BY CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA Clemens of Alexandria affirms in his Instructor (Paedagogus): «Passion is not nature, and passion is wont to deface the form (παραχαράττειν), not to cast it into a new shape (μετακοσμεῖν)» (Translated by W. Wilson). In this thesis the use of the words παραχαράττειν and παραχάραγμα is considered and the one possible source of the image of a coin in the early Christian literature is offered. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY; HISTORY OF ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY; PLATONISM; THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY; CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.46/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-480-483.pdf

UNK RUS 484-492 VOLYA. ON UNDERSTANDING (CLEMENT АLEKSANDRIJSKIJ, V. ROZANOV) Clement Аleksandrijskij and Rozanov are mentioned together as the author of "Stromaty" and "Оpavshie list'ya". Similar names of books and a manifold themes and visual style - note-book. "Stromaty," according to its author, carefully designed to keep the seeds of knowledge. Clement Аleksandrijskij actualizes the problem of understanding. He talks about the responsibility of the author and the addressee. Rozanov writes for himself and not for the addressee. His language accuracy, verified many years of thinking about the problem of understanding, represented in the same text "О ponimanii". RECIPIENT; LANGUAGE ACCURACY; RESPONSIBILITY; PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.47/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-484-492.pdf

UNK RUS 493-500 KAPTEN THE ALEXANDRIA SCHOOL AND QUESTION OF WAR FOR CHRISTIANS OF EARLY AGE This article is devoted to the study of Christian attitude to the war phenomena in II-III centuries. The Author insist, that Church didn’t developed a clear answer to the question of acceptability participation in wars to their believers. At the same time there were two trends: first, represented by Tertullian, clearly separating Christians from the state with all its cares and the second, based on the position of the Alexandrian school, argues that Christians should take on for the certain earthly cares. Since the beginning of the IV century and the adoption of the Edict of Milan the second trend deceived victory. ALEXANDRIAN SCHOOL; ORIGEN; WAR; CHRISTIAN PACIFISM https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.48/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-493-500.pdf

UNK RUS 501-507 LARIONOV THE FOUNDATION OF THE DOCTRINE OF FREEDOM OF CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA AND ORIGEN In this report, the concepts that Clement of Alexandria and Origen used in their investigation of freedom, are identified: the human soul as a self-moving thing, the possibility of alternative actions, the moral choice and the rationality of moral choice, the independence of the soul from the body, the human disposition towards sin. The origin of the concept of responsibility is discussed. Also the characteristic of Origen’s approach to freedom with reference to his ontological doctrine is given. CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA; ORIGEN; CHRISTIAN ETHICS; FREEDOM; RESPONSIBILITY; CHRISTIAN ANTHROPOLOGY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.49/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-501-507.pdf

UNK RUS 508-516 SOKOLOVA SYMBOLISM AND PEDAGOGY IN THE WRITINGS OF CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA The article containes an analysis of the views of Clement of Alexandria on education and pedagogy as related to symbolism, which is understood as a fundamental attitude of thought. We concentrate on the problems of mass and elite education, and the relation between systematic education and an experience of knowledge of God. In conclusion we show relevance of the treatment of educational issues by Clement in the context of contemporary philosophy of education. CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA; EDUCATION; PEDAGOGY; SYMBOL; SYMBOLISM https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.50/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-508-516.pdf

UNK RUS 517-523 SYRTSOVA ORIGEN ABOUT THE CREATION EX NIHILO The paper examines the position of Origen as concerned the theological idea of the Creatio ex nihilo, developed by Tertullian in the polemic with Hermogen. The attention is attracted to the correspondence of this idea to the apocryphal and gnostic books. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY; HISTORY OF ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY; THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY; ORIGEN OF ALEXANDRIA; THE DOCTRINE OF CREATION; TERTULLIAN https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.51/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-517-523.pdf

UNK RUS 524-532 0000-0001-7492-356X Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Tsyb Alexey tsyb_av@spbstu.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA'S DOCTRINE OF LOGOS IN ANTIQUE LOGOSOPHIA 'S TRADITION Subject of article is the part of philosophical legacy of the Christian thinker Clement of Alexandria (150 - 210 AD), his influences on formation of new mentality’s type and culture, his role in adaptation of antique cultural heritage for formation of Christian outlook, his contribution to formation of medieval religious consciousness and the subsequent value of his ideas for the European philosophy. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY; HISTORY OF ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY; PLATONISM AND STOICISM; LOGOSOPHIA; THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY; CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA; THE DOCTRINE OF LOGOS https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.52/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-524-532.pdf

UNK RUS 535-539 BEZLEPKIN FEATURES OF TEACHING OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY IN RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES IN THE SECOND HALF OF XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES In article features of teaching university philosophy of history in Russia of the middle of XIX - the beginnings of the 20th centuries of which were characteristic are analyzed: indissoluble communication with traditions of a domestic historiosophy, domination of ontologic approach in research of historical process, and also the original solution of a question of a ratio of the world and national history. HISTORY PHILOSOPHY; HISTORIOSOPHY; ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGIYA OF HISTORY; WORLD HISTORY; GENERAL HISTORY; PROVIDENTSIALIZM; AESKHATOLOGIZM; CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL TYPE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.53/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-535-539.pdf

UNK RUS 540-548 MALINOV ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY: FROM SCIENTISM TO CULTURAL STUDIES The paper deals with the scientism, historism, cultural studies, methods of historical cognition and ways of the cognition of the reality. The pretension of the natural science to the achieving of the objective knowledge leads to the efforts to ground history as a science similar to natural science, which discovers the laws of social life, cognizes that which “happened in reality”. That approach was realized in the 19th century historiography with its principles of historism implying universality and stages of the social and historical development. The culturological approach within historiography pointing out the individuality and uniqueness of the historical events, admitting the presence of the historical sense and striving for the cognition of the ideals and values by which the people were guided in the past was formulated as the alternative to scientism. History, philosophy of history and methodology of history did not work out a united approach to history. In the strict sense of the word scientistic and culturological approaches do not compliment and do not oppose each other. Each of these approaches formulated its own methods, and schemes of explanation, criteria of truth and professional notions. In other words, culturological and scientistic approaches transformed into the self-contained discourses. HISTORIOGRAPHY; SCIENCE; SCIENTISM; HISTORISM; CULTURAL STUDIES https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.54/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-540-548.pdf

UNK RUS 549-552 6603404917 0000-0002-0095-8986 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Pogodin Sergey pogodin_sn@spbstu.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

POSITIVIST ORIGINS OUTLOOK N.I. KAREEVA Abstracts article discusses the influence of positivism of Auguste Comte on the formation of world N.I.Kareeva. The characteristic of the main works of the historian by positivism issues. The contribution of historians to the development of positivistic philosophy. Particular attention is paid to the criticism of some questions of positivism in the works of Russian historians. OUTLOOK; HISTORY; POSITIVISM; N.I. KAREEV; О. COMTE; H. SPENCER; HISTORICAL PROCESS; QUESTIONS THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.55/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-549-552.pdf

UNK RUS 553-560 0009-0003-3047-8400 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Pavlova Olga pavlova_ok@spbstu.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

HISTORY AND HISTORICAL SCIENCE IN SAINT-PETERSBURG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY. THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY The article examines the trends and characteristics of the teaching methods at the Peter the Great Polytechnic Institute in the early twentieth century. The discipline in focus is history and historical science. The most outstanding scientists, historians, who gave lectures at the University in the beginning of the twentieth century, are brought to the attention. Other than that their research interests and contribution to the scientific and pedagogical activity are given. HISTORY; POLYTECHNIC UNIVERISTY; HISTORICAL SCIENCE TEACHING; OUTSTANDING HISTORIANS; SCHOOLS OF HISTORICAL SCIENCE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.56/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-553-560.pdf

UNK RUS 561-564 VOROCHAY BASIC PROVISIONS OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY V.I. GUERRIER The paper discusses the basic ideas constituting the philosophical-historical ideology of Moscow University professor Vladimir Ivanovich Guerrier (1837-1919). Recognizing the subjectivity of all historical research, Guerrier, however, argued for rapprochement with the history of science. The way to this he saw in the support of historiography on the achievements of psychology. The subject of history, he considered the human personality, the motives of which just studying psychology. GUERRIER; HISTORY; ISTORIOLOGII; LAW; PSYCHOLOGY; PERSONALITY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.57/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-561-564.pdf

UNK RUS 565-570 0000-0001-7492-356X Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Tsyb Alexey tsyb_av@spbstu.ru

Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE PHILOSOPHICAL AND HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIO-HISTORICAL CONCEPTION OF P.G. VINOGRADOV This paper discusses the philosophical and historical views of P.G. Vinogradov. He developed his philosophical and historical doctrine, based on the teachings of Herbert Spencer of social evolution. Drawing an analogy between society and organism, Vinogradov had hoped to formulate general concept of social evolution. P.G. P.G. VINOGRADOV; ORGANICISM; SOCIAL EVOLUTION; HISTORY; SOCIOLOGY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.58/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-565-570.pdf

UNK RUS 573-581 MALINOV ACADEMIC SLAVOPHILISM AS THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY PHENOMENON The article discusses the academic slavophilism, that is, the spread of slavophiles ideas among scientists. Influence Slavophilism impact on the formulation of original scientific concepts in historiography, philosophy, history, philology, political geography, mathematics. Academic slavophilism formed in the last third of the XIX century and existed until the First World War. The development of ideas of academic slavophilism was the neo slavophilism the beginning of the XX century and eurasianism. SLAVOPHILISM; SCIENCE; HISTORIOGRAPHY; PANSLAVISM; LANGUAGE; POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY; ARRHYTHMOLOGY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.59/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-573-581.pdf

UNK RUS 582-586 KUPRIYANOV GEOPOLITICAL FUTUROLOGY IN V.I. LAMANSKY’S TREATISE «THREE WORLDS OF THE ASIAN-EUROPEAN CONTINENT». The article presents the theses of the report delivered at the round table «V.I. Lamansky and Academic slavophilism». In his work «Three worlds of the Asian-European continent» V.I. Lamansky suggested a description of the possible geopolitical structure of the world. In his opinion, due to the colonial politics of the British empire, centre of the Roman-German civilization will be transferred into the New World, while old Europe will acquire inferior role in world affairs. Greek-Slavic civilization will become politically strong, providing that it will be able to develop its civil life on the fundament of the Christian humanism and national self-consciousness. This picture appears to be close to the real state of the international affairs in the 20th century, which shows the productivity of Lamansky’s methodology. SLAVOPHILISM; CIVILIZATION; PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY; FUTUROLOGY; LANGUAGE https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.60/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-582-586.pdf

UNK RUS 587-591 TROITSKY THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THE STUDY OF NATIONAL CULTURE SLAVOPHILES The paper provides an overview of the main directions of research and outreach activity of representatives of Slavophilism in relation to Russian folk culture. The main areas highlighted areas of interest, forming and concentrating the attention of researchers, these include the interest in the Russian language, the concept of the people, folklore, everyday life of Slavs. Each of these areas is considered separately from the others, because around each of them concentrates its terms researchers developed a separate set of terminology, own the problem field. SLAVOPHILISM; NATIONAL CULTURE; RUSSIAN LANGUAGE; FOLKLORE; PEASANT LIFE; PEOPLE; NATION https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.61/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-587-591.pdf

UNK RUS 592-600 PESHPEROVA THE RESEARCH PROJECT «V.I. LAMANSKII AND ACADEMIC SLAVOPHILISM IN RUSSIA IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE XIX CENTURY» This article discusses the goals and objectives of the research project «V.I. Lamanskii and academic Slavophilism in Russia in the last third of the XIX century». Is noted value of scholar archive for the reconstruction of his views, as well as disciples of studying heritage, develops and supplements his ideas. We present research on modern historiography V.I. Lamanskii. V.I. LAMANSKII; SLAVOPHILISM; ARCHIVES; HISTORIOGRAPHY https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2016.9.62/ Rossiya-v-globalnom-mire-9(32)-2016-592-600.pdf