2304-9472; e-ISSN: 2949-3501
Russia in the Global World
28
3
2025
1-212
EDI
RUS
7-8
Q-7224-2016
6508050731
0000-0003-4103-7785
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
Lbova
lbovapnr5@gmail.com
Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Editor's word
Editor's word
Концепции цифровизации открывают новые горизонты для развития стран, улучшая качество жизни и повышая эффективность управления. Цифровизация представляет собой новый этап в развитии современного общества, где государственные функции и услуги могут быть предоставлены с использованием современных технологий. Это явление охватывает широкий спектр, включая управление, взаимодействие с обществом и предоставление государственных услуг, создавая новые возможности для участия граждан в процессе принятия решений, формирование новых логистических решений и моделей экономики.
В разделе «Мир и цифровая трансформация» новых выпусков №3 и 4 нашего издания тема номера «Цифровое государство в глобальной перспективе» представлена как коллекция материалов научного симпозиума (23–25.06.2025, г. Санкт-Петербург) (см. статью в Болгов Р.В., Чугунов А.В., Филатова О.Г.). В статьях Барандовой Т.Л., Королевой Л.А, Сытник А.Н., Рысаковой П.И. и др. проанализированы как общие тенденции и тренды, возможности создания глобального цифрового пространства, которое охватывает практически все страны, так и опыт конкретных разработок. Новая реальность способствует обмену информацией и взаимодействию между государствами, что открывает новые возможности для сотрудничества и развития.
Технологическое развитие в сфере IT создает новые бизнес-модели и условия для перехода к цифровой модели управления, включает в себя использование больших данных, искусственного интеллекта и облачных технологий, что позволяет оптимизировать процессы и повышать эффективность в различных отраслях экономики и управления.
Несмотря на новые возможности, цифровизация несет в себе определенные риски и вызовы в области кибербезопасности, цифровой дипломатии, компьютерной грамотности и др., что становится важными приоритетами для любого государства.
Разрыв в доступе к цифровым технологиям между различными социальными группами и регионами может привести к усилению цифрового неравенства и социальной напряженности. Поэтому важны аспекты, связанные с использованием технологий, такими как искусственный интеллект, которые требуют разработки этических норм и принципов для обеспечения справедливости и прозрачности в цифровом обществе.
Editor's word
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.1/
slovo_redaktora.pdf
RAR
RUS
9-31
0000-0001-8843-3916
North-west Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Barandova
Tatiana
tbarandova@yandex.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Digital Transformation in BRICS+ Countries: Alliances and Cross-State Coordinative Structures (Review of the Foreign States Experience)
Introduction. The current state of coordination and interaction structures between the BRICS+ members involved in digital transformation processes are analyzed. The interim results of an empirical collective study are presented, which examined the implemented programs for the digitalization of public administration and the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in government activities, also those focused on the development and coordination of cross-state cooperation in digital transformation processes on the Latin American, African and Asian continents, as well as in the Middle East region. The integration potential of the existing "platform-states" is considered, as well as alliances and common initiatives implemented within the framework of the BRICS cross-continental formation. The chronological data collection frame covers the period from May 2024 to January 2025. The purpose of the study is to determine how the processes of digital transformation are institutionalized, as well as to identify the current situation in alliances that might influence their coordination efforts.
Methods and materials. The study is based on the systematization of primary data collected by a continuous review (screening) of Internet portals and government platforms that are publicly available, providing reporting and analytical information on the use of AI technologies and other official documentation on digitalization in public administration for each BRICS+ member country, positioned within its geographical macroregion. The collected data includes international and state programs, legislative acts available and based on the results of the web content analysis, which characterize the network coordination structures that have emerged to carry out international interactions in this association.
Results. The results of The study shows that the processes of digital transformation and the inclusion of AI technologies in public administration and governments activities occur unevenly in the macro-regions of the world, the levels of technological development, socio-economic and cultural differences affect the prospects for a more symmetrical transition to the formation of a new global system, but the efforts of countries to build alliances for possible coordination and integration at different levels at all, and, in particular, at the cross-state level within the framework of coordination structures for BRICS+ member states. They demonstrate their commitment to support the implementation of digital governance and the development of AI, and their willingness to work together in order to smooth out existing gaps. The available digital infrastructures and leadership potentials are considered, areas of prospects for multi-lateral and bilateral cooperation both within the framework of regional alliances and transcontinental cooperation in the BRICS+ format are outlined.
Discussion and Conclusions. The processes of digital transformation and inclusion of AI products in states, platforms and Internet sites for functional political governance demonstrate a high potential for institutionalizing interstate relations on the implementation of joint initiatives, common programs and projects that coordinate the processes of digital transformation in public administration and increase digital involvement of citizens in political life. There are supranational structures coordinating these areas in every macroregion where the BRICS+ members are present, which play a significant role in organizing network interactions for the development of both digital infrastructure and cybersecurity, training and improving digital literacy of the population.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.1
327.7
digital international relations
digital transformation
BRICS
inter-departmental coordinating structures
digital governance
artificial intelligence
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.2/
1__barandova_t_l_.pdf
RAR
RUS
32-48
0000-0002-2847-9637
Emperor Alexander I Saint Petersburg State Transport University
Koroleva
Lada
klada69@mail.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0009-0001-5656-4185
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Fan
Iyan
iyanfan@yandex.ru
Moscow, Russia
Global Experience in Improving Food Security through the Integration of Blockchain and IoT Technologies in Food Supply Chain Management
Introduction. Control of food supply chains in both domestic and international logistics is one of the most important tools for improving food security. The purpose of the study is to analyze the world experience of creating traceability systems for food supply chains in the context of food security and to assess the prospects for the development of systems in the context of digital technologies.
Materials and methods. Publications of scientific journals, materials of regulatory literature in the field of quality control and safety of food products and raw materials for their production were used. The methods of comparative analysis, content analysis, case study were used.
Results. A comparative analysis of the development of the legal framework for the introduction of blockchain technologies in the field of monitoring food chains was carried out. The following trends were identified: inclusion of automation issues, the use of blockchain and the Internet of Things in quality management standards, mandatory compliance with standard requirements. The experience of practical implementation of projects for creating blockchain-based systems in certain sectors of food production was studied (supplies of fresh products to Walmart, supplies of fruits and vegetables in the European Union, supply chains of coffee and cocoa, tea, etc.) The article assesses the implementation of the traceability concept in Russia: Russian control systems are created in accordance with the requirements of international and national standards for quality management and food safety, and cover individual product categories. Traceability in internal logistics and in deliveries between the EAEU countries is implemented through the use of labeling, electronic documentation, electronic seals, and GPS.
Discussion. Key innovations in national regulatory documents can be considered the basis for implementing the traceability concept, since participation in supply chains now requires companies not only to comply with product safety and quality standards and disclose relevant information, but also to be obliged to integrate into supply chains by implementing technologies.
Conclusion. The implementation of blockchain-based systems is represented by pilot projects within individual categories of food products, but one can expect the spread of blockchain practice, as the IT solutions market in this area is growing. The implementation of the idea of international cooperation to create systems at the global level with a wide range of participants faces political, economic, and technological problems. However, in the future, we can expect further expansion of the use of blockchain and the Internet of Things and the transition to the level of international supply chains with a wider geography.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.2
351.773.1+004.75
food security
food supply chains
full traceability
pilot projects
blockchain and the Internet of Things
IBM Food Trust
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.3/
2__koroleva_l_a__fan_iyan.pdf
RAR
RUS
49-66
0009-0008-8467-7444
Autonomous Non-Commercial Research Organization "Coordination Laboratory" (CEO ANO "Coordination Lab")
Shubina
Valeria
loreinlun7@gmail.com
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0000-0002-6853-6253
Saint Petersburg State University
Sytnik
Anna
anna@sytnik.me
Saint Petersburg, Russia
National AI Portals as Cyber Power Instruments: Bridging Technology and Politics
Introduction. This study answers the research question: How do national artificial intelligence portals (AI portals) function as digital diplomacy tools and what factors determine their effectiveness? Authors examine AI portals through the lens of the concept of cyberpower – the ability of a state to use digital technologies to strengthen its position in global politics. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of national AI Internet portals by developing a methodology that employs specialized digital tools for data analysis. To achieve this, the following objectives were set: to determine the role of AI portals in international politics as a driver of cyber power; to develop a methodology for assessing their effectiveness based on the application of specialized software; to examine government websites providing AI-related information, evaluate their performance, and analyze their implementation features.
Materials and methods. By analyzing AI portals in 16 countries, the authors identify best practices and development challenges, provide recommendations on how to optimize them to strengthen states’ positions in the AI sphere. The analysis was conducted based on eight key criteria: multilingual support, loading speed, traffic data, traffic volume, engagement level, external links, presence of social networks, and SEO effectiveness.
Results. The study found significant differences in cyberpower promotion strategies. Countries such as Kazakhstan, India, South Korea and Saudi Arabia demonstrated a high level of technological sophistication and focus on an international audience. The most successful solutions combine high interactivity, rich content and practical focus, which facilitates effective communication between authorities, citizens and experts.
Discussion. The results obtained allowed us to identify leading countries in the field of digital presentation of AI policies, identify key features of their technological solutions, and document effective practices that help strengthen their positions in the international arena.
Conclusion. The study contributes to the exploration of digital platforms as hybrid instruments of technological and political influence, highlighting the importance of a strategic approach to the design and development of national AI portals.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.3
327
artificial intelligence
technological development
national AI portals
web analytics
information technology
international influence
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.4/
3__shubina_v_a__sitnik_a_n_.pdf
RAR
RUS
67-78
0000-0002-4774-7238
European University in Saint Petersburg
Rysakova
Polina
p.rysakova@eu.spb.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Digitalization of PRC’s Judicial System: Between Regionalization and Centralization
Introduction. The digitalization of China's judicial system exemplifies a large-scale administrative reform that combines centralized goal-setting with active encouragement of regional initiatives. The topic's relevance stems both from the strategic importance of digital technologies for modernizing the judicial system and from China's practical contribution to global best practices in implementing intelligent digital solutions in judicial processes. This aims of research to outline a new perspective in the study of digital justice through the lens of governmental practices characteristic of China in the 2010s and 2020s. The chosen perspective will enrich the understanding of the processes of building a unified digital environment in the context of societies with strong regional specificity.
Methods and Materials. This article draws on a broad range of sources and contemporary sinological literature dedicated to both judicial digitalization and the conceptualization of managerial practices characteristic of modern Chinese society. The comparative-historical method was employed in the analysis of the material, allowing for the tracing of stages of judicial reform in chronological perspective. Relying on a systems approach, judicial digitalization is considered in relation to political processes governed by the logic of the relationship between central and regional authorities.
Results. The study found that supporting local judicial digitalization projects has played an important role in stimulating technological innovation in China, 2020th. However, the practice of local experiments has generated a number of technological and managerial challenges when attempting to build a unified, end-to-end digital architecture nationwide. The effectiveness of such a reform model for creating a unified digital legal infrastructure across the entire state may be a subject for debate.
Conclusion. Judicial digitalization in China is characterized by a mosaic nature. This fragmented application of technological solutions is largely due to deeply rooted practices of state governance. In this regard, the experience of digitalization of the judicial system in the PRC may be useful in the development of national strategies for the digitalization of justice.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.4
94+34.096
digitalization
judicial system
China
digital technologies
regions
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.5/
4__risakova_p_i_.pdf
RAR
RUS
79-98
0000-0002-3833-516X
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Dziuba
Elena
dzyuba_ev@spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Wang
Hui
van4.h@edu.spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Interaction between Russia and China in the SCO: Ensuring Security in Central Asian Countries
Introduction. The study aims to identify the significance of cooperation between Russia and China within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) for ensuring security in the Central Asian region. It emphasizes that over the 25 years of its existence, the organization has accumulated significant positive experience in ensuring security, but has also encountered a number of problems that need to be resolved without delay. The aim of the study is to identify problem areas in the field of security in the Central Asian region based on the systematization of available data (regulatory, scientific, factual) on cooperation between Russia and China within the framework of the SCO.
Materials and methods. The research material consists of official documents adopted by the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the Collective Security Treaty Organization, aimed at ensuring security in the region, combating terrorism, separatism, and extremism, as well as drug trafficking, which is the main source of funding for terrorist organizations. Factual data (information on joint exercises and specific operations to prevent terrorist activities) and research articles on the stated issues were also used in the study. In addition to general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of normative, factual and scientific data, which are facilitated by the systematic approach taken, the work also employed historical and chronological analysis, as well as problem-based and prognostic methods.
Results. Scientific research, regulatory and factual material on cooperation between Russia and Kyrgyzstan within the framework of the SCO to ensure security in Central Asian countries has been systematised; challenges and threats contributing to the destabilization of the Central Asian region (terrorism, extremism, drug trafficking) have been identified; the characteristics of this region that have influenced the spread of terrorism, religious extremism and drug trafficking in Central Asia have been identified; an analysis of the foreign policy of Russia and China in Central Asia has been carried out; the reasons for Russia and China's interest in the region have been identified and the possible prospects for the development of the SCO in ensuring security in Central Asian countries have been noted; a number of proposals have been made to address the identified problems in order to improve security in the region.
Discussion. It is emphasized that active cooperation between Russia and China within the SCO is driven by a number of strategic reasons that reflect the common interests of both countries. It is noted that the fight against the ‘three forces of evil’ (terrorism, separatism, extremism) is the primary goal of the SCO, which is enshrined not only in its founding documents but is also constantly reaffirmed and developed in a wide range of the organization’s legal and political documents. The achievements of the SCO and the measures taken to ensure security in Central Asian countries are traced. The advantages of the SCO over the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) are noted in terms of the influence of the major players, primarily the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, on maintaining political stability in a region that is vulnerable to the spread of the ‘three forces of evil’. The main challenges faced by Russia and China in ensuring security in the Central Asian region are identified (asymmetry in the development of SCO member states, the ‘multi-vector’ policy of Central Asian states and the continuing rivalry between them, the competition that has developed in recent years between Russia and China in terms of influence over Central Asian countries, and the ‘insufficient flexibility of the SCO’ in making operational decisions), and possible solutions to these problems are proposed.
Conclusion. It has been noted that cooperation between Russia and China is a key factor in maintaining security in Central Asian countries, and that the vectors of cooperation and rivalry between the two powers may not only influence their development paths, but also change the situation in the region and the world, since the strengthening of Russia and China's influence in the region will exclude other players whose interest in Central Asia is growing rapidly.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.5
327+81'42
Russia
China
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Central Asia
security
security cooperation
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.6/
5__dzyuba_e_v__van_huey.pdf
RAR
RUS
99-114
0009-0009-8411-9247
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Li
Yuchuan
2022071085@email.szu.edu.cn
Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
Управление искусственным интеллектом в Европе под внешним давлением: последствия для сотрудничества с Китаем
Введение. Китай и Европейский союз создали прочную основу для международного сотрудничества в рамках инициативы «Один пояс, один путь», развиваясь от первоначальных проектов, ориентированных на инфраструктуру, к передовым технологическим инновациям. Среди этих новых технологий искусственный интеллект стал важнейшей пограничной технологией, вызывающей стратегический интерес обеих сторон из-за его преобразующего воздействия на социально-экономическое развитие, глобальную конкурентоспособность и инновационный потенциал. Признавая взаимодополняющие сильные стороны, Китай и Евросоюз стремятся к дальнейшему сотрудничеству в области искусственного интеллекта. Однако эффективность сотрудничество в этой области затруднено рядом проблем, которые должны решаться соответствующими стратегиями.
Материалы и методы. В исследовании используются два ключевых метода обсуждения проблемы, основанной на критическом обзоре научных статей, опубликованных в 2005–2025 гг. и анализе законодательства, в том числе Закона Европейского союза об искусственном интеллекте. Материалы охватывают три измерения: материалы инициативы «Пояс, путь», особенно отношения между Китаем и европейскими странами, соглашения о сотрудничестве в области искусственного интеллекта между Китаем и Евросоюзом и программ исследований в области искусственного интеллекта в университетах, с ориентацией на промышленность.
Результаты. Выявлен прогресс в согласовании двусторонней политики проектов развития активной инновационной среды и динамичными возможностями развития промышленности и рынка. Существуют проблемы, связанные с внутренним политическим разделением Европейского союза, барьеры для доступа на рынок. Установлен различны уровень технологического развития и различные приоритеты инноваций, а также стратегическая осторожность в технологическом отношении, отмеченная системой проверки прямых иностранных инвестиций в странах Европы, включая Россию, и маркировкой Китая как «системного конкурента».
Обсуждение и Заключение. Китай и Европейский союз должны усилить механизмы координации политики, дифференцировать стратегии развития, внести взаимные улучшения в доступ к рынкам и усилить совместные технологические инновации и отраслевое сотрудничество. Эти рекомендации предлагают стратегическую дорожную карту для раскрытия полного потенциала сотрудничества Китая и стран Европы в области искусственного интеллекта. Тщательный анализ сотрудничества обязательно охватит кейсы Китая и России и может послужить ценным примером избегания рисков, проведения совместных исследовательских работ и повышения конкурентоспособности в будущем в области развития искусственного интеллекта.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.6
004.8+327
инициатива «Один пояс
один путь»
искусственный интеллект
международное сотрудничество
управление технологиями
инновационная политика
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.7/
6__li_yuchuan.pdf
RAR
RUS
115-133
0000-0002-1638-4067
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Tuana
Mustafa
tuana_m@spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0000-0002-1200-2113
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Tuana
Ekaterina
tuana_en@spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0000-0002-0975-1172
Ankara University of Social Sciences
Gunes
Bahar
bahardemir@asbu.edu.tr
Распространение турецкого языка в России: современное состояние
Введение. Укрепление глобальных связей и межкультурное взаимодействие ведут к росту распространения иностранных языков в России. В данном контексте особый интерес представляет турецкий язык как фактор культурного, экономического и образовательного взаимодействия между Россией и Турцией. Актуальность избранной темы обусловлена возрастающей ролью Турции в международных отношениях, интенсификацией туристического и торгово-экономического обмена, а также растущим интересом россиян к турецкой культуре, образовательным программам и возможностям профессиональной миграции.Центральной исследовательской задачей является проведение комплексного анализа факторов, механизмов и специфики распространения турецкого языка в Российской Федерации на современном этапе в контексте динамики двусторонних отношений.
Материалы и методы. Материалы исследования включают в себя нормативно-образовательные документы (программы вузов и языковых школ РФ), отчётность русско-турецких культурных центров, лингводидактические ресурсы (учебники, словари), данные рынка репетиторских услуг, медиаконтент (СМИ, соцсети), данные Росстата по образовательной и трудовой миграции. Методологической основой является системный подход с применением контент-анализа текстовых источников, сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа институциональных практик, количественной обработки статистических данных, критической интерпретации результатов в контексте российско-турецких отношений.
Результаты. Исследование показало, что в последние годы наблюдается устойчивый рост интереса к турецкому языку как средству профессионального и культурного взаимодействия. При этом характер его распространения носит неравномерный характер: активное изучение турецкого языка наблюдается в южных регионах России, в крупных мегаполисах, а также в тех субъектах, где развиты контакты с турецкими деловыми кругами. Значительную роль в популяризации языка играют турецкие культурные центры, турецкая медиапродукция, а также университеты и языковые курсы. Можно говорить о наличии устойчивого интереса к турецкому языку в контексте развития межкультурного диалога, академической мобильности и регионального сотрудничества.
Заключение. Полученные выводы могут быть использованы при разработке образовательных программ, направленных на расширение лингвистического выбора, а также при выработке государственной и региональной политики в сфере гуманитарного сотрудничества. Они также способствуют более глубокому пониманию роли языка как инструмента «мягкой силы» в современном мире.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.7
327
лингвистическая политика
межкультурная коммуникация
образование
языковое разнообразие
социолингвистика
турецкий язык
Россия
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.8/
7__tuana_m__tuana_e_n__gyunesh_b_.pdf
RAR
RUS
134-154
Q-7224-2016
6508050731
0000-0003-4103-7785
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
Lbova
lbovapnr5@gmail.com
Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-2504
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Reshetneva
Uliana
reshetneva_un@spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
International Ranking of Chinese and Russian Universities in the Context of Modernization of Higher Education in 2025
Introduction. International university rankings are crucial for the advancement of educational institutions, offering impartial insights into their performance and acting as a guide for strategic decision-making. Notably, technological and educational collaborations created by the associations of Russian and Chinese technical universities are of particular interest in recent times. This research focuses on the dynamic changes in the international rankings of universities from the Association of Technical Universities of Russia and China, making the exploration of this trend both the study's objective and its unique contribution.
Materials and methods. The study's methodology and materials are as follows: Data for this analysis comes from a variety of sources, including international university rankings such as QS (Quacquarelli Symonds), THE (Times Higher Education) and ARWU (Shanghai Ranking), official documents from Russian and Chinese governmental bodies, including projects, programs and decrees; and news releases from universities in both Russia and China. This research employed institutional analysis as its methodological foundation, a framework encompassing a wide range of considerations such as evaluating university effectiveness, examining the influence of public policy on educational institutions, and the interaction of universities with the regional economy.
Results. A comparative study of three prominent global university rankings unveiled the shifting positions of leading technical institutions. This analysis sheds light on the factors contributing to the decline of Russian universities and their relatively low rankings within the technical sector. The study delves into the problems, emerging trends, and potential solutions for enhancing rating performance, while also evaluating the influence of these rankings on the educational policies of both countries, comparative and contrastive analysis, as well as methods of systematization and generalization.
Discussion and Conclusion. The success of universities in the years to come hinges on their capacity to adapt to evolving circumstances and overcome emerging challenges. Despite present obstacles, opportunities for expansion and enhancement exist if universities can leverage existing resources and integrate innovative practices into their educational programs. This study's findings offer valuable insights for a thorough examination of issues within regional studies, higher education pedagogy, sociological research, and the field of international relations practice.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.8
327+378.1
technical universities
international rankings
modernization of higher education
China
Russia
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.9/
8__lbova_l_v__reshetnyova_u_n_.pdf
RAR
RUS
155-167
0009-0003-3047-8400
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Pavlova
Olga
pavlova_ok@spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Jing
Lingpan
tszin.l@edu.spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Adaptation of Russian Emigrants in Harbin in 1917-1939 (Historical and Political Analysis)
Introduction. In the 20th century, migration processes became an important factor in world history, their causes are associated with specific political and socio-economic factors. The focus of the study is to identify the features of the connections between subnational entities of Russia and China in the first third of the 20th century in connection with the expansion of Russian emigration from the standpoint of historical and political sciences. The aim of the study is to characterize the creation and development of a socially, politically and nationally diverse Russian diaspora in Harbin in the context of historical-political processes, which determines the novelty. The main research questions involve the analysis of the socio-cultural activity of Russians in Harbin and the nature of relations between the Russian diaspora and the local Chinese population.
Materials and methods. The materials for the study were published works by Russian and Chinese scientists devoted to the situation of Russians in Harbin in 1917-1939. Historical and political science analysis allowed us to identify key moments of the peculiarities of the formation and development of the Russian diaspora in Harbin and to present a more socio-cultural characteristic of interethnic relations.
Results. The analysis of the social activity of Russian emigration in Harbin showed the great role of Russians in the socio-political and cultural life of the city. In general, the emerging contradictions were resolved, but there was a misunderstanding of the peculiarities of both the Russian and Chinese mentality. It should be noted that in Harbin the presence of a pre-revolutionary Russian colony, the presence of infrastructure and Russian institutions influenced the softer socio-cultural adaptation of Russian emigrants after 1917.
Discussion and Conclusion. The social and cultural adaptation of Russians in Harbin had a special character: on the one hand, their own cultural identity was preserved, on the other hand, new forms of interaction with the local environment were formed in the context of a difficult interethnic, economic and political situation. However, among Russian and Chinese researchers working on the study of the adaptation of Russian emigration in Harbin, there was no consensus. The results of the study will be useful for further study of emigration issues, relationships between large sub-ethnic groups in the context of studying demographic and migration processes in international relations and politics.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.9
930+316.4+327
China
Manchuria
Russia
adaptation
Russian emigrants
Harbin
social problems
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.10/
9__pavlova_o_k__tszin_linpan.pdf
RAR
RUS
168-181
0009-0006-6680-7802
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Ruchkin
Nikita
ruchkin.nd@edu.spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
New «Grand» Coalition: Inner Challenges of Modern German Politics
Introduction. As part of the study of the modern German political system, it is important to analyze the context of the coming to power of a new government coalition and its prospects, based on the results of the analysis. The study focuses on assessing the level of support for the formed «Grand» Coalition, which determines the success of its future legislative initiatives. Special attention is paid to the changed party composition of the new parliament, the increased number of opposition deputies, and the role of the new Chancellor and his government in addressing domestic political challenges in Germany.
Materials and methods. The study analyzes election results data, statements by politicians, scientific publications, as well as media materials related to the current political situation in Germany. The causal analysis revealed the facts that influenced the formation of a new government coalition and its reputation.
Results. The political and party landscape has changed since the 2025 elections. In result German political parties had to face the task of creating a new government with a very limited choice of its participants. The «Grand» coalition’s unity was questioned during the process of its formation. In result many of the decisions the government initiated had failed. Also, the increased number of opposition MPs in parliament will make it much more difficult for the government to adopt important bills.
Conclusion. The results of the study can be used to further assess the prospects for the work of the modern German government, analyze errors and possible scenarios for the future development of the German political and party landscape, and determine the vector of development of relations between Germany and the Russian Federation in the context of their relations’ «deep-freeze».
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.10
328.1+328.16
Germany
government coalition
Grand coalition
Bundestag
federal elections
opposition
Friedrich Merz
political crisis
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.11/
10__ruchkin_n_d_.pdf
RAR
RUS
182-198
57207729980
0000-0002-6889-8924
North-West Institute of management (branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Kefeli
Igor'
geokefeli@mail.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0000-0002-4363-9352
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Korablev
Vadim
korablev@spbstu.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
The Department of Physical Electronics, SPbPU: Formation and Development of the Leningrad-Petersburg Research School in Physical Electronics
Introduction. A scientific school is a historically established form of organization where the key aspects are not only the generation of scientific ideas, but also the training of new scientists to preserve traditions, transfer knowledge and ensure the viability of science as a socio—historical system. Modern science is inconceivable without scientific schools, which are organized groups of researchers who create and transmit new knowledge and have a mechanism of self-reproduction. A striking example of such a school in the field of natural sciences is the Department of Physical Electronics at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU).
Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the work on the theory of communicative processes in science and the concept of a scientific school. The works of the staff of the Department of Physical Electronics of SPbPU are widely used. The following methods were used to identify and analyze the department as a scientific school: systematic, comparative, historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical periodization method, as well as a sociological approach that considers a scientific school as a social institution.
Results. An analysis of the activities of the SPbPU Department of Physical Electronics confirmed its high status as a recognized scientific school with authority both in Russia and abroad. The study showed that throughout its history, the department has been headed by reputable scientists (academicians P.I. Lukirsky, L.N. Dobretsov, M.A. Eremeev, A.R. Shulman), who laid the foundations of the school. The key characteristics of the school are: the unity of scientific interests, the relevance of research, the high level of scientific results, the continuity of generations and the leading role of the leader in the development of new areas of physical electronics.
Conclusion. The organization and activities of the Scientific School of Physical Electronics of St. Petersburg State University provide training for first-class specialists who demonstrate outstanding scientific achievements and are internationally competitive. The scientific results of the department clearly reflect the trends and patterns of development of this scientific school. The preservation and development of its rich scientific potential is a prerequisite for the further progress of scientific research in the field of physical electronics.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.11
001.62(091)+93/94
Research Schools
Natural Sciences
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU)
First Petrograd Polytechnic Institute named after M.I. Kalinin
Department of Physical Electronics
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.12/
11__kefeli_i_f__korablev_v_v_.pdf
REV
RUS
199-206
0000-0002-4663-8072
Saint Petersburg State University
Bolgov
Radomir
rbolgov@yandex.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0000-0001-5911-529X
Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
Chugunov
Andrei
usfmo@rambler.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
0000-0001-9568-1002
Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
Filatova
Olga
filatovo@gmail.com
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Digital State in a Global Perspective: New Opportunities and Trends of Research (Review of the Symposium, St. Petersburg, June 23–25, 2025)
The rapid development of digital technologies not only creates opportunities for progress, but also creates serious challenges and contradictions in society. To discuss them, the events of the joint conference "Internet and Modern Society" were held in St. Petersburg on June 23-25, 2025. The article on the results of the conference presents the main areas of work as a whole and, in particular, the scientific symposium "Digital State in Global Perspective" held within the framework of the 8th International Conference on Digital Transformation in Governance and Society. The symposium became a platform for discussing research on the digital state in the global context and interaction between experts in the field of digital transformation of public administration. The key directions and topics of the symposium were digital strategies of international organizations, the development of digital platforms and ecosystems, artificial intelligence policies, digital diplomacy, Internet governance, social media in international relations, etc. This issue of the journal "Russia in the Global World" (Volume 28, Issue 3) publishes articles prepared on the basis of the reports presented at this symposium and recommended by the IMS-2025 program committee for publication in the journal. The conference concluded with a Plenary Session, at which participants discussed directions for further development of the conference and other organizational issues. It can be stated that the scientific symposium “Digital State in Global Perspective” has the potential to grow from a small event into a broad platform for further scientific discussion. This event may be of interest to the expert community, scientists studying the political effects of digital technologies, as well as a wider audience.
10.48612/RG/RGW.28.3.12
327
digital state
digital transformation
Russia
Internet
artificial intelligence
digital governance
https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.13/
12__bolgov_r_v__chugunov_a_v__filatova_o_g_.pdf