This article gives a presentation of the human's difficult exploration in the Arctic and the historical facts of the battle over the rights and interests in the area, analyzing the main reasons behind it. And on this basis the article attempts to considerate the strategic developmental cooperation between China and Russia, arguing that the cooperation between China and Russia in the arctic is in the common interests of the two countries as well as in accordance with China-Russian comprehensive collaborative partnership. Moverover, it will become a new highlight in their strategic cooperation’s relations.