The article considers main problems of the Moldova-Transnistria conflict. Article touches upon history of Transnistria and Moldova, stands and describes specific features of the conflict and its settlement process. Considerable attention is paid to the political situation in the Republic of Moldova. The novelty of the study is to analyze the activity of political parties, movements and processes of integration of Moldova on the international scene. The article describes main causes of the necessity to resolve the conflict by diplomatic means and by all interested parties.