Soviet historical science has paid great attention to the study of socialist transformations in agriculture in Uzbekistan and Lenin's cooperative plan. In modern science, there is a need for a critical assessment of historiographic materials and an analysis of the historical significance of changes. The first historical works appeared in the 1930s, they were written on the basis of the achievements of the Marxist-Leninist methodology and the achievements of Soviet historical thought, on the basis of the development of Lenin's ideological and theoretical heritage. In the fundamental works of Soviet historians, the main directions of the agrarian policy of the Soviet government were given and analyzed: measures to implement the Lenin Decree on land, the organization of class unions of the poor, land and water reforms, collectivization, collective farm construction, etc. Publications were of great importance, in them, on the basis of a large factual material accumulated by Soviet historical science, a picture of socialist construction and agrarian transformations in Uzbekistan was created. In the early 1950s, works were published on agrarian transformations during the NEP’s period, on the food tax, its social essence, aimed at creating material conditions for the rise of the economy of the poorest peasantry: providing them with a monetary loan, organized seed supply, provision of agricultural machinery, etc. In the second half of the 1950s, the study of agriculture in Uzbekistan in the years of the Great Patriotic War. The study of Soviet historical literature is of great importance for modern Russian historiography and Uzbekistan’s history. From a theoretical point of view, it reveals the Marxist-Leninist approach to historical science as a dominant, from a practical point of view it shows a one-sided vision of the "successes" of socialist agriculture. Modern studies examine objective and subjective factors that influenced the development of historical science.