The article is devoted to the economic relations between the two countries - the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany in the modern world and to the prospects for their economic cooperation in the near future in the context of sanctions. In the article the positions of the Russian Federation and Germany on the events of 2014 and on the sanctions policy of the West are considered. Also, a statistical data on mutual trade, economic projects, investments, exports of Russia and Germany is analyzed. The conclusions made on the basis of a number of historical documents analysis and the statistical analysis of the decline and growth of economic ties of Russia and Germany in the context of political differences between the two states can be considered the results of this scientific research. Economic relations never stopped to influence the political relations of the two countries, contributing to the conclusion of bilateral political treaties.