This article examines cooperation in the field of nuclear energy between partner countries. Nuclear energy and its development are definitely the object of interest and attention of the whole world. During the study, it was found that Russia is one of the main experts in this area, and China is turning to our country in order to develop its own nuclear sector. The work identifies and highlights all the objects of interaction between the countries, from the construction of nuclear power plants and uranium enrichment plants, to the construction of nuclear icebreakers and floating nuclear thermal power plants. It also lined up the sequence of interaction between countries from the first treaty in 1997 to the present day and outlined plans for the coming years. The article provides conclusions and forecasts regarding the interaction of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China in the future.